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Obesity, insulin resistance, and a host of environmental and genetic factors can drive hyperglycemia, causing β-cells to compensate by increasing insulin production and secretion. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), β-cells under these conditions eventually fail. Rare β-cell diseases like congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) also cause inappropriate insulin secretion, and some HI patients develop diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMontelukast potentiates the relaxing effect of nifedipine in the porcine myometrium.
Pol J Vet Sci
September 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
This study analysed the influence of montelukast (MON), a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, and nifedipine, an L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel blocker, on the contractility of the porcine uterine smooth muscle. Myometrial strips were collected from the sexually immature (n=8), cyclic (12-14 days of the oestrous cycle; n=8) and pregnant (27-28 days of pregnancy; n=8) gilts and stimulated with a) MON or nifedipine at concentrations of 10-8-10-4 M and b) increasing concentrations of nifedipine after previous administration of MON at a concentration of 10-4 M. The changes in the tension, amplitude and frequency of contractions were determined with the Hugo Sachs Elektronik equipment for measuring isometric contractions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShakuyaku-Kanzo-To Prevents Angiotensin Ⅱ-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Integrative Physiology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, JPN.
The global incidence of mortality due to heart failure (HF) is on the rise, presenting a significant challenge in various regions, including Japan. There is an urgent need for innovative prevention and treatment strategies to address this issue. Traditional medicine, particularly Japanese Kampo medicine (JKM), has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach and has undergone examination in clinical trials related to HF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional bias of contractile control in mouse resistance arteries.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Constrictor agonists set arterial tone through two coupling processes, one tied to (electromechanical), the other independent (pharmacomechanical) of, membrane potential (V). This dual arrangement raises an intriguing question: is the contribution of each mechanism (1) fixed and proportionate, or (2) variable and functionally biased. Examination began in mouse mesenteric arteries with a vasomotor assessment to a classic G (phenylephrine) or G/G (U46619) agonist, in the absence and presence of nifedipine, to separate among the two coupling mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of L-type Ca-channels in the vasorelaxing response to finerenone in arteries of human visceral adipose tissue.
Physiol Rep
September 2024
Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
Inadequate blood supply to the expanding adipose tissue (AT) is involved in the unhealthy AT remodeling and cardiometabolic consequences of obesity. Because of the pathophysiological role of upregulated mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) signaling in the complications of obesity, this study tested the vasoactive properties of finerenone, a nonsteroidal MR antagonist, in arteries of human AT. Arteries isolated from the visceral AT of obese subjects were studied in a wire myograph.
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