It is often difficult to determine the origin a pleural effusion even if it is very important for prognosis of a patient. We have studied No. 200 patients, affected with nontraumatic effusions, using cytogenetic technics and cytologic examination. Cytologic diagnosis of pleural effusions allows to detect correctly its malignant nature in a percentage of cases ranging, according to various Authors, between 45 and 80%. The main parameters we have considered in our study, in order to value chromosomal analysis as a useful test for malignity in pleural effusions, can be, at least, placed upon those obtained with cytologic diagnosis. Therefore, we think we can consider chromosomal analysis in neoplastic effusions as a useful completion in terms of diagnostic advantage of cytologic diagnosis.
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