[Study on the pollen viability and stigma receptivity of Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Fubaiju'].

Objective: To study the blooming habits, pollen viability and stigma receptivity of Chrysanthemum morifolium and provide theoretical basis for its breeding.

Methods: Explored the blooming habits by dynamic observation on the process of blossom, evaluated the pollen viability by germination in vitro culture method and estimated stigma receptivity by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method.

Results: About the pollen viability, there were no significant differences between the flowers which in the same round of the capitulum; Tubular flowers in the center of a capitulum were significantly higher than that on the edge; In the morning pollen vitality gradually raised, during 11: 00 - 14: 00 maintained the highest, and then gradually decreased; Tubular flower began to loose powder on the third day, during 4th - 6th day the pollen viability was highest, respectively was 35.12%, 39.89%, 38.12%, then gradually decreased, on the 15th day was only 7.41%, finally turned into wither. Regard to the stigma receptivity, the center of a capitulum were significantly higher than that on the edge, outer edge ligulate flower had no receptivity; Revealed the strongest during 13: 00 - 14:00 in one day; During the 5th - 7th day was the strongest after flowering. The regulation of the stigma secreted mucus existed great consistency with the stigma receptivity, namely the stigma receptivity usually was strong when it secreted large number mucus.

Conclusion: Understand the blossom habits of Chrysanthemun morifolium, as well as the dynamic changes regulation of pollen viability and stigma receptivity during its blossom, which could be used to select the flowers in a capitulum which are on the more suitable period and position for artificial pollination and hybridization breeding research.