The interaction of naringenin (Nar) and its neohesperidoside, naringin (Narn), with calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) in the absence and the presence of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was investigated. The interaction of Nar and Narn with β-CD/ctDNA was analyzed by using absorption, fluorescence, and molecular modeling techniques. Docking studies showed the existence of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic and phobic interaction of Nar and Narn with β-CD/DNA. 1:2 stoichiometric inclusion complexes were observed for Nar and Narn with β-CD. With the addition of ctDNA, Nar and Narn resulted into the fluorescence quenching phenomenon in the aqueous solution and β-CD solution. The binding constant K(b) and the number of binding sites were found to be different for Nar and Narn bindings with DNA in aqueous and β-CD solution. The difference is attributed to the structural difference between Nar and Narn with neohesperidoside moiety present in Narn.
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