Online microdialysis is a sampling and detection method that enables continuous interrogation of extracellular molecules in freely moving subjects under behaviorally relevant conditions. A majority of recent publications using brain microdialysis in rodents report sample collection times of 20-30 min. These long sampling times are due, in part, to limitations in the detection sensitivity of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). By optimizing separation and detection conditions, we decreased the retention time of serotonin to 2.5 min and the detection threshold to 0.8 fmol. Sampling times were consequently reduced from 20 to 3 min per sample for online detection of serotonin (and dopamine) in brain dialysates using a commercial HPLC system. We developed a strategy to collect and to analyze dialysate samples continuously from two animals in tandem using the same instrument. Improvements in temporal resolution enabled elucidation of rapid changes in extracellular serotonin levels associated with mild stress and circadian rhythms. These dynamics would be difficult or impossible to differentiate using conventional microdialysis sampling rates.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3656759 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cn400072f | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Establishing In-vivo brain microdialysis for comparing concentrations of a variety of cortical neurotransmitters in the awake rhesus macaque between different cognitive states.
J Neurosci Methods
January 2025
Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
Background: Neuronal activity is modulated by behavior and cognitive processes. The combination of several neurotransmitter systems, acting directly or indirectly on specific populations of neurons, underlie such modulations. Most studies with non-human primates (NHPs) fail to capture this complexity, partly due to the lack of adequate methods for reliably and simultaneously measuring a broad spectrum of neurotransmitters while the animal engages in behavioral tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Use of Tissue Concentrations of Biological and Small-Molecule Therapies in Clinical Studies of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
Pharmaceutics
November 2024
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The introduction of biological therapies has revolutionized inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management. A critical consideration in developing these therapies is ensuring adequate drug concentrations at the site of action. While blood-based biomarkers have shown limited utility in optimizing treatment (except for TNF-alpha inhibitors and thiopurines), tissue drug concentrations may offer valuable insights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA high-throughput micro-scale workflow to quantify molecularly dissolved drug concentrations under solubilizing conditions.
J Pharm Sci
December 2024
Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark. Electronic address:
Physiological and artificial solubilizing agents usually enhance apparent solubility of poorly soluble drugs, and in many cases also oral drug exposure. However, exposure may decrease in cases where micellization reduces the molecularly dissolved drug fraction, overriding the solubility advantage. While this information is critical to accurately anticipate the effect of drug micellization on oral absorption, the experimental determination of molecularly dissolved drug concentrations is complex and time consuming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreased Serotonin Levels and Unchanged Glutamate and GABA Levels in Thalamic Microdialysates Despite Reduced Cell Numbers in a Valproic Acid-Induced Autism Model.
Neurochem Res
December 2024
School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, 26040, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions marked by social skill deficits and abnormal sensory responses, with an imbalance of excitation and inhibition in the brain being a crucial factor.
- This study examined the levels of key neurotransmitters (GABA, glutamate, and serotonin) in the thalamus of rats induced with ASD using valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy.
- Results showed that ASD rats had higher serotonin levels, altered thalamic volumes, and fewer thalamic neurons and glia compared to the control group, suggesting a disrupted neurotransmitter balance in the thalamus related to ASD.
The Efficacy of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Athletes for Injury Management, Training Response, and Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review.
Sports (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Kinesiology, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA.
(1) Background: The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the prevalent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in athletes and to comprehensively review the effectiveness and the results of these medications as it relates to injury management, training response, and overall sport performance. (2) Methods: An electronic literature search was performed in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol. A total of 7 randomized controlled studies met the review's specific inclusion criteria from the 2250 studies initially identified within the PubMed database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!