Necrotizing enterocolitis remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period. Despite many advances in the management of the critically ill neonate, the exact etiology, attempts at prevention and determining best treatment for NEC have been elusive. Unfortunately, the overall survival for this poorly understood and complex condition has not improved. NEC is a condition that can and should be studied with randomized prospective trials (RCTs). This chapter reviews the current evidence-based trials for this condition thus far performed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2013.01.009 | DOI Listing |
J Formos Med Assoc
January 2025
Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Controlling hypertension has become an important issue in the elderly population in whom neurological comorbidities are highly prevalent. Most of the large-scale trials focusing on hypertension management in older populations have excluded patients with comorbid neurological disorders. However, this population requires special considerations, as the benefits of antihypertensive agents are mostly uncertain and there is a higher risk of adverse events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWomens Health (Lond)
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Glendale Campus, Glendale, AZ, USA.
In 2023, a breast cancer risk assessment and a subsequent positive test for the BRCA-2 genetic mutation brought me to the uncomfortable intersection of a longstanding career as an advocate for high-quality medical evidence to support shared patient-provider decision making and a new role as a high-risk patient. My search for studies of available risk-management options revealed that the most commonly recommended approach for women with a ⩾20% lifetime breast cancer risk, intensive screening including annual mammography and/or magnetic resonance imaging beginning at age 25-40 years, was supported only by cancer-detection statistics, with almost no evidence on patient-centered outcomes-mortality, physical and psychological morbidity, or quality of life-compared with standard screening or a surgical alternative, bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy. In this commentary, I explore parallels between the use of the intensive screening protocol and another longstanding women's health recommendation based on limited evidence, the use of hormone therapy (HT) for postmenopausal chronic disease prevention, which was sharply curtailed after the publication of the groundbreaking Women's Health Initiative trial in 2002.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKaohsiung J Med Sci
January 2025
College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a critical ophthalmic emergency with a high risk of significant visual impairment. While traditional treatment aims to promptly restore blood flow to the retina, recent research has investigated the potential benefits of anticoagulation therapy for managing this condition. This paper reviews current literature and clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies, such as systemic heparinization and direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin, in treating RAO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEClinicalMedicine
January 2025
Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: Female Lynch syndrome carriers have an increased risk of developing endometrial cancer. Regardless, research on endometrial carcinoma tumorigenesis is scarce and no uniform, evidence-based gynaecological management guidelines exist. We therefore described gynaecological surveillance and surgery outcomes in a nation-wide Lynch syndrome cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gastrointest Oncol
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, HCA Healthcare/USF Morsani College of Medicine GME, HCA Florida Blake Hospital, Bradenton, FL, USA.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes substantial morbidity and mortality internationally. In Hungary, the incidence and mortality of CRC are among the world's highest. Fortunately, CRC is a highly preventable disease, since there is a long asymptomatic phase before neoplastic transformation.
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