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α-amanitin induces hepatotoxicity via PPAR-γ inhibition and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. Electronic address:
Mushroom poisoning, predominantly caused by α-amanitin, is a critical food safety concern in worldwide, with severe cases leading to hepatotoxicity and fatalities. This study delves into the hepatotoxic effects of α-amanitin, focusing on the NLRP3 inflammasome and PPAR-γ's regulatory role in inflammation. In vitro studies with L-02 cells showed that α-amanitin reduces cell viability and triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation, increasing NF-κB phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, a rapid and accurate analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 26 plant toxins and 11 mushroom toxins in toxic plants, toxic mushrooms, and their cooked products using LC-MS/MS. This method enables highly selective detection of all 37 analytes, including those with high polarity and low molecular weight, within 10 min using Scherzo SS-C18 column. The analytes were extracted from the samples using methanol and trichloroacetic acid, and purified using Captiva EMR-Lipid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor Omphalotus japonicus, the coloring molecule was found and characterized using a simple method of identification with a color reaction. The compound that chang color under basic conditions was isolated from a methanolic extract of O. japonicus by liquid-liquid extraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection and Identification in Reported Mushroom Poisoning Incidents - China, 2012-2023.
China CDC Wkly
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Mushroom poisoning incidents are one of the major causes of death by foodborne outbreaks in China. Effective detection and identification can provide the foundation for determining the cause of the incidents and the early diagnosis and treatment of patients.
What Is Added By This Report?: The surveillance data from the Public Health Emergency Management Information System, China CDC, showed that incidents with laboratory test results as the basis for determining the cause of mushroom poisoning accounted for only 14.
The Role of AFB1, OTA, TCNs, and Patulin in Forensic Sciences: Applications in Autopsy, Criminal Investigations, and Public Health Prevention.
Toxins (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Mycotoxins, specifically aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), trichothecenes (TCNs), and patulin, are a group of secondary metabolites that can contaminate food, leading to severe health implications for humans. Their detection and analysis within forensic toxicology are crucial, particularly as they can be implicated in cases of poisoning, foodborne illnesses, or lethal chronic exposure. However, little is known about the application that mycotoxins could have in forensic investigations and especially about the possibility of extracting and quantifying these molecules on tissues or post-mortem fluids collected at autopsy.
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