This paper reports accurate measurements of the radiation characteristics and optical properties of Nannochloropsis oculata in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) region. These marine microalgae were grown in 2 cm thick culture bottles with vented caps exposed, on one side, to either white fluorescent light bulbs or red LEDs emitting at 630 nm. The illuminance varied from 2000 to 10,000 lux. The microalgae average equivalent diameter ranged from 2.52 to 2.63 μm. Their radiation characteristics and optical properties were statistically identical over most of the PAR region. Other N. oculata grown with 2 vol.% CO2 injection in 1cm thick flat bottles exposed to light from both sides reached a significantly larger mass concentration and featured lower pigment concentration and smaller absorption cross-sections. This was due to nutrient limited growth conditions. The refraction index was independent of illuminance, spectrum, and growth conditions and featured resonance at wavelengths corresponding to absorption peaks.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.058 | DOI Listing |
Food Sci Nutr
January 2025
Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia.
This study investigates the optimization of four gluten free flours namely sorghum, rice, teff flours, and 3% flaxseed flour blends to enhance the quality , which was traditionally baked with only pure teff. Utilizing a D-optimal mixture design, ratios were varied (sorghum 43%-50%, rice 20%-27%, teff 23%-30%). Methods followed AOAC and AACC standards, analyzed using Minitab 19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale Adv
January 2025
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
Interference of surface plasmons has been widely utilized in optical metrology for applications such as high-precision sensing. In this paper, we introduce a surface plasmon interferometer with the potential to be arranged in arrays for parallel multiplexing applications. The interferometer features two grating couplers that excite surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves traveling along a gold-air interface before converging at a gold nanoslit where they interfere.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoacoustics
February 2025
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Femtosecond photoacoustic detection is a powerful all-optical technique for characterizing metal nanofilms. However, the lack of accurate descriptions of the temperature-dependent optical properties of metal nanofilms during ultrafast thermal processes hinders the deep understanding of this dynamic behavior, leading to compromised measurement accuracy. To address this, we developed Critical Point Models (CPMs) for copper and AlCu nanofilms to describe their dynamic optical properties during photoacoustic testing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Mater Au
January 2025
Liquid Crystal Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India.
Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) stand at the intersection of polymer science and liquid crystal technology, offering a unique blend of optical versatility and mechanical durability. These composite materials are composed of droplets of liquid crystals interspersed in a matrix of polymeric materials, harnessing the optical properties of liquid crystals while benefiting from the structural integrity of polymers. The responsiveness of LCs combined with the mechanical rigidity of polymers make polymer/LC composites-where the polymer network or matrix is used to stabilize and modify the LC phase-extremely important for scientists developing novel adaptive optical devices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Mater Au
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States.
Lanthanide materials with a 4f electron configuration (S) offer an exciting system for realizing multiple addressable spin states for qubit design. While the S ground state of 4f free ions displays an isotropic character, breaking degeneracy of this ground state and excited states can be achieved through local symmetry of the lanthanide and the choice of ligands. This makes Eu attractive as it mirrors Gd in exhibiting the S ground state, capable of seven spin-allowed transitions.
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