HLA typing in Brazilian boys with aromatic antiepileptic drug-induced DRESS.

Cases Description: We report two cases of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) associated with the use of carbamazepine and phenytoin in Brazilian boys tested for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II alleles. The clinical manifestations were similar: a maculopapular eruption progressing to exfoliative erythroderma, fever, and lymphadenopathy. Leukocytosis, atypical lymphocytes, and liver injury were also observed. Assessment of causality using the Naranjo algorithm established a "probable" relationship (score 6) in both cases. Case 1 patient presented the following results of HLA typing: HLA-A*02,29 B*44,50 C*06,16 DRB1*01,07 DQA1*01,02. Case 2 patient presented the following results of HLA typing: HLAA*23,24 B*39,53 C*04,07 DRB1*04,08 DQA1*03,05 DQB1*03,03.

Conclusion: Neither of the cases reported here presented HLA typing similar to that strongly associated with the occurrence of DRESS in Asian or European patients.