Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant side-stream from brewing. It is food-grade being rich in dietary fibre and protein and thus having potential as their source for both food and non-food applications. Initial treatment of milled BSG with a carbohydrase cocktail from Humicola insolens significantly enhanced the subsequent solubilisation of protein from the residual biomass. When treated with an alkaline protease, 76% of BSG protein was solubilized, whereas the yields were significantly lower with neutral or acidic proteases. In alkaline conditions significant amount of protein (53%) as predominantly low molecular weight protein was solubilized even without any protease addition. The degree of protein solubilisation was influenced by the time of exposure of modified BSG to the alkaline environment. The non-enzymatic protein solubilisation was, however, only observed when BSG had been initially treated with the carbohydrase, suggesting the protein is surrounded by cell wall polysaccharides restricting its initial release.
Research towards regenerative dentistry focused on developing scaffold materials whose high performance induces cell adhesion support and guides tissue growth. An early study investigated the proliferation abilities and attachment of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) on two bovine pericardium membranes with different thicknesses, 0.2 mm and 0.
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease characterized by progressive muscle wasting that leads to diminished lifespan. In addition to the inherent weakness of dystrophin-deficient muscle, the dysfunction of resident muscle stem cells (MuSC) significantly contributes to disease progression.
Methods: Using the mdx mouse model of DMD, we performed an in-depth characterization of disease progression and MuSC function in dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle using immunohistology, isometric force measurements, transcriptomic analysis and transplantation assays.
Aims: This study aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanisms of brain-derived exosomes in traumatic brain injury-induced acute lung injury (TBI-induced ALI), with a particular focus on the potential regulation of ferroptosis through miRNAs and Scd1.
Methods: To elucidate TBI-induced ALI, we used a TBI mouse model. Exosomes were isolated from the brains of these mice and characterized using TEM and NTA.
Background: Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the most prevalent muscle disease in adults for which no current treatment exists. The pathogenesis of IBM remains poorly defined. In this study, we aimed to explore the interplay between inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in IBM.
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease, and podocyte injury is one of the major contributors to DKD. As a crucial transcriptional factor that regulates cellular response to oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an attractive therapeutic target for DKD. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of DDO-1039, a novel small-molecule Nrf2 activator developed with protein-protein interaction strategy, on podocyte injury in DKD.
