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The Principles of Electroconvulsive Therapy Based on Correlations of Schizophrenia and Epilepsy: A View From Brain Networks.
Front Neurol
June 2019
Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was established based on Meduna's hypothesis that there is an antagonism between schizophrenia and epilepsy, and that the induction of a seizure could alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia. However, subsequent investigations of the mechanisms of ECT have largely ignored this originally established relationship between these two disorders. With the development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), brain-network studies have demonstrated that schizophrenia and epilepsy share common dysfunctions in the default-mode network (DMN), saliency network (SN), dorsal-attention network (DAN), and central-executive network (CEN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectroconvulsive therapy: 80 years old and still going strong.
World J Psychiatry
January 2019
University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA 6009, Australia.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which is among the oldest and most controversial treatments in the field of psychiatry, has its 80 birthday this year. In this brief historical overview, the discovery of the therapeutic effects of convulsive therapy by Laszló Meduna, and the circumstances that motivated Ugo Cerletti and Lucio Bini to use electricity as a means of seizure induction are described. Meduna's original theory about the antagonism between epilepsy and schizophrenia has been replaced by hypotheses on the mechanism of action of ECT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConvulsive therapy for dementia praecox was first used by the Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas Meduna in January 1934. On the 50th anniversary the author discusses the introduction of the treatment, the role of a theory of the biological antagonism between epilepsy and schizophrenia, and the contributions of Meduna, Sakel, Cerletti, and Bini. He also describes the changes in usage and methods and the impact of psychotropic drugs on the practice of convulsive therapy.
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