AI Article Synopsis
- Botulinum neurotoxin type A can cause paralysis in the masseter muscle, which may impact the eruption rate of teeth, particularly incisors in a rabbit model.
- Researchers injected rabbits with either botulinum neurotoxin type A or saline, finding that the toxin led to a significant reduction in biting force over three weeks.
- The study suggests that decreased bite force can lower the rate of tooth eruption, highlighting potential implications for orthodontic treatments, although results may not directly translate to humans.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Botulinum neurotoxins are responsible for the paralytic food poisoning, botulism. Commercial formulations such as botulinum neurotoxin type A are increasingly used for various conditions, including cosmetic recontouring of the lower face by injection of the large masseter muscles. The paralysis of a major muscle of mastication lowers occlusal force and thus might affect tooth eruption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of unilateral masseter muscle injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A on the rate of eruption of incisors in a rabbit model. We hypothesized that the teeth would overerupt in an underloaded environment.
Methods: Forty rabbits were injected with either botulinum neurotoxin type A or saline solution in 1 masseter muscle. Mastication and muscle force production were monitored, and incisor eruption rate was assessed by caliper measurement of grooved teeth.
Results: The injection of saline solution had no effect. The masseter muscle injected with botulinum neurotoxin type A showed a dramatic loss of force 3 weeks after injection despite apparently normal mastication. Incisor eruption rate was significantly decreased for the botulinum neurotoxin type A group, an effect attributed to decreased attrition.
Conclusions: This study has implications for orthodontics. Although findings from ever-growing rabbit incisors cannot be extrapolated to human teeth, it is clear that botulinum neurotoxin type A caused a decrease in bite force that could influence dental eruption.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4562668 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.10.023 | DOI Listing |
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