Using sequential fluorescence and genomic in situ hybridization (FISH and GISH) to distinguish the A and C genomes in Brassica napus.

We have developed a sequential procedure with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) that enables us to distinguish between the A and C genomes in Brassica napus and to identify certain individual chromosomes or chromosome groups within a genome. Our modified GISH technique uses a repetitive sequence in addition to the whole genome in the blocking DNA, and it is effective on meiotic and mitotic cells present in the anther material that we use.