Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare, usually sporadic, and mainly located in the stomach or small bowel. Gastrointestinal bleeding is the main presenting symptom. GIST are discovered incidentally in 20% of cases. Endoscopy, and endosonography when possible, are the diagnostic procedures of choice for small GIST, while CT is used for larger tumors. Pathologic diagnosis can be obtained by fine-needle aspiration, but its indications must be discussed on an individual basis.
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Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi
November 2024
Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Background: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelial carcinoma (PPLEC) is a rare form of lung malignancy, accounting for only 0.7% of all lung cancers. It is currently classified as a distinct subtype within squamous cell carcinomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunother Cancer
January 2025
IRCM, INSERM U1194, University of Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous breast cancer subtype characterized by aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. The immune landscape associated with TNBC often reveals high immunogenicity. Therefore, immunotherapy, which has demonstrated its efficacy in different cancer types, could be a promising strategy for TNBC, given the limited therapeutic options currently available besides conventional chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Treat Rev
January 2025
Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Electronic address:
Immune-based combinations are the cornerstone of the first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients, leading to outstanding outcomes. Nevertheless, primary resistance and disease progression is a critical clinical challenge. To properly address this issue, it is pivotal to understand the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, that tumor eventually develop under treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cancer
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
As research progresses, our understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has undergone profound changes. The TME evolves with the developmental stages of cancer and the implementation of therapeutic interventions, transitioning from an immune-promoting to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Consequently, we focus intently on the significant role of the TME in tumor proliferation, metastasis, and the development of drug resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Biophys Mol Biol
January 2025
Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health burden due to its high aggressiveness, early metastasis, and poor prognosis. Despite advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapies, drug resistance remains a major obstacle to improving patient outcomes. Integrins, a family of transmembrane receptors, play a pivotal role in mediating tumor growth, invasion, and drug resistance by interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and regulating signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, FAK, and MAPK.
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