Objectives: (1) To establish the reference values of the test of 'Position of hip passive resistance against gravity' (PHPR) in young athletes; (2) To investigate differences between the values of PHPR test according to athlete's sex, age and sport practiced.
Design: Cross-sectional.
Setting: Sports club.
Participants: 282 Volleyball, basketball and futsal athletes aged between 10 and 18 years.
Main Outcome Measures: Hip passive stiffness was measured through PHPR test, which provides indirect information regarding this tissue property; high stiffness means low corresponding test values.
Results: The mean values of PHPR test ranged from 0.41 to 1.06°/kg. The test results were different among all age categories and the values were lower in older athletes (p<0.001). The PHPR test values of futsal players were lower than basketball players only in the intermediate age category (p=0.001). The female volleyball athletes had higher values than the male ones (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study established reference values for PHPR test in young athletes, which allow therapists to obtain information regarding hip passive stiffness by means of a clinical test. Hip passive stiffness in young athletes increases with age, and female volleyball players showed lower values of this property compared with males.
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