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Diagnosis and Management of Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like Episodes Syndrome.

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November 2024

Departments of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06229, Republic of Korea.

Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a complex mitochondrial disorder characterized by a wide range of systemic manifestations. Key clinical features include recurrent stroke-like episodes, seizures, lactic acidosis, muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, sensorineural hearing loss, diabetes, and progressive neurological decline. MELAS is most commonly associated with mutations in mitochondrial DNA, particularly the m.

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Multisystem clinicopathologic and genetic analysis of MELAS.

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December 2024

Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321#, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.

Background And Objectives: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disorder that mostly affects the central nervous system and skeletal muscle. This study provides a comprehensive summary of the clinical symptoms, multisystemic pathogenesis, and genetic characteristics of MELAS syndrome. The aim was to improve comprehension of clinical practice and gain a deeper understanding of the latest pathophysiological theories.

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LNC-ing Genetics in Mitochondrial Disease.

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Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.

Primary mitochondrial disease (MD) is a group of rare genetic diseases reported to have a prevalence of 1:5000 and is currently without a cure. This group of diseases includes mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD), Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), Leigh syndrome (LS), Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), and myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fiber disease (MERRF). Additionally, secondary mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the most common current causes of mortality and morbidity, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer.

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Article Synopsis
  • * An elderly male patient with sudden onset dementia was initially misdiagnosed with a vascular issue, but further tests and imaging confirmed NIID, revealing significant cortical edema and prior MRI changes in the cerebellum.
  • * The case highlights the importance of considering NIID in patients with specific imaging features and symptoms similar to other conditions like MELAS syndrome or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, particularly when chronic headaches and symmetric lesions in the cerebellum are present.
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