Copper catalysts enable the electrophilic carbofunctionalization of alkynes with vinyl- and diaryliodonium triflates. The new process forms highly substituted alkenyl triflates from a range of alkynes via a pathway that is opposite to classical carbometalation. The alkenyl triflate products can be elaborated through cross-coupling reactions to generate synthetically useful tetrasubstituted alkenes.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja401840jDOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • - Alkylamines are crucial for many nitrogen-containing molecules with beneficial biological features, yet efficient methods to create complex α-substituted alkylamines remain limited.
  • - The study introduces a new, catalyst-free electroreductive method that combines amines, carbonyl compounds, and radical acceptors in an accessible way, using common materials under relaxed conditions.
  • - This innovative process generates reactive α-amino radical intermediates that easily bond with other compounds, enabling the creation of intricate alkylamines and drug-like structures that traditional methods struggle to achieve.
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Described here is the oxygenative carbofunctionalization of terminal alkynes mediated by combined rhodium catalysis that enables regioselective quadruple formation of C-C, C-H, C-O, and C-heteroatom bonds. Mechanistic studies suggest that a disubstituted rhodium vinylidene complex is generated upon C-C bond formation at the terminal alkyne with tethered electrophiles such as alkyl halides, aldehydes, imines, and Michael acceptors. Subsequent intermolecular transfer oxygenation of the rhodium vinylidene with pyridine -oxide generates a rhodium-complexed ketene intermediate that reacts with a variety of heteroatom nucleophiles to give rise to cyclic carboxylic acid derivatives.

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Angew Chem Int Ed Engl

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Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.

C(sp )-H bond coupling with carbon electrophiles remains rarely explored under thermo-driven hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) conditions due to the challenge of integrating oxidation and reduction in a single operation. We report here a Ni-catalyzed arylation and alkylation of C(sp )-H bonds with organohalides to forge C(sp )-C bonds by merging economical Zn and tBuOOtBu (DTBP) as the external reductant and oxidant. The mild and easy-to-operate protocol enables facile carbofunctionalization of N-/O-α- and cyclohexane C-H bonds, and preparation of a few intermediates of bioactive compounds and drug derivatives.

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A general system achieving three-component intermolecular carbofunctionalization of alkenes is presented, including carboetherification, carboesterification, carboarylation, and carboamination. The scope of the reaction is presented with respect to the carbon electrophile, the olefin, and the nucleophile. Furthermore, the synthesis of γ-lactams a carboamination reaction is demonstrated in a telescoped three-step protocol.

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J Am Chem Soc

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Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States.

Electrochemistry grants direct access to reactive intermediates (radicals and ions) in a controlled fashion toward selective organic transformations. This feature has been demonstrated in a variety of alkene functionalization reactions, most of which proceed via an anodic oxidation pathway. In this report, we further expand the scope of electrochemistry to the reductive functionalization of alkenes.

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