This protocol describes a new approach for the preparation of stereodefined trisubstituted chiral enolate species, avoiding conventional asymmetric enolization of carbonyl compounds. This protocol was developed as a single-flask synthetic sequence and therefore does not require isolation or purification of intermediate compounds. The sequence starts from a regioselective carbocupration reaction of readily accessible chiral ynamides; this is followed by oxidation of the generated vinylcuprate with a commonly available oxidizing reagent (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) in order to generate an enolate that completely retains its configuration. This synthetic protocol has been applied to the preparation of aldol and Mannich-type adducts. The procedure reported here requires a simple reaction setup commonly available in all synthetic laboratories and takes ∼6 h for completion and 2 h for isolation and purification. Final products are valuable diastereomerically and enantiomerically enriched building blocks for organic synthesis containing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in acyclic systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2013.036 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
November 2024
School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
Here, we report an intermolecular carboacylation of terminal alkynes with tertiary and secondary alkyltrifluoroborates as well as acyl chlorides via photoredox/nickel dual catalysis, affording a varity of stereodefined trisubstituted enones in good to excellent yields and stereoselectivity, through a radical relay process. This redox-neutral protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, exclusive regio- and stereoselectivity, and broad compatibility with various acyl chlorides and alkyltrifluoroborates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
August 2024
University of Wisconsin─Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
We report a one-pot synthesis of ()trisubstituted enones from acrylic acids through the in situ generation of a 2-pyridyl ester and subsequent cross-electrophile coupling with a nickel catalyst under reducing conditions. The scope of trisubstituted enones is broad and compatible with functionality that can be challenging in established olefination techniques. We highlight conditions necessary to suppress undesired side reactions from the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl and improve cross-electrophile coupling approaches to prepare enones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2023
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.
The regio- and stereodefined synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes remains a significant synthetic challenge. Herein, a method is developed for producing regio- and stereodefined trisubstituted iodoalkenes by diverting intermediates from an iodination-electrophilic-cyclization mechanism. Specifically, cyclized sulfonium ion-pair intermediates are diverted to alkenes by ring-opening with nucleophilic iodide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
September 2023
Supramolecular Science and Engineering Institute, University of Strasbourg, CNRS, 67000 Strasbourg France.
ConspectusIn this Account, we share the story of the development of catalytic olefin metathesis processes that efficiently deliver a wide range of acyclic and macrocyclic - or -trisubstituted alkenes. The tale starts with us unveiling, in collaboration with Richard Schrock and his team, the blueprint in 2009 for the design of kinetically controlled -selective olefin metathesis reactions. This paved the way for the development of Mo-, W-, and Ru-based catalysts and strategies for synthesizing countless linear and macrocyclic -olefins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
July 2023
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
In nature and synthetic chemistry, stereoselective [2 + 1] cyclopropanation is the most prevalent strategy for the synthesis of chiral cyclopropanes, a class of key pharmacophores in pharmaceuticals and bioactive natural products. One of the most extensively studied reactions in the organic chemist's arsenal, stereoselective [2 + 1] cyclopropanation, largely relies on the use of stereodefined olefins, which can require elaborate laboratory synthesis or tedious separation to ensure high stereoselectivity. Here, we report engineered hemoproteins derived from a bacterial cytochrome P450 that catalyze the synthesis of chiral 1,2,3-polysubstituted cyclopropanes, regardless of the stereopurity of the olefin substrates used.
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