[Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute cardiovascular disorders in patients with early disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism].

The aim of this work was to estimate the relative risk (RR) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular diseases, total and cardiovascular mortality in patients with disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism revealed in the prospective study carried out in 2009 that included patients found to have disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism in 2006. We analysed the 3-year risk of development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, total and cardiovascular mortality. RR of DM2 was significantly increased in association with practically all early disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism. The most unfavourable combination is fasting glycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. Within 3 years after its determination, 33.3% of the patients developed DM2 while RR of DM2 increased 11-fold. Newly diagnosed DM2 increased RR of total mortality by 2.3 times. Fasting glycemia during 3 years increased RR of cardiovascular mortality by 3.2 times. Results of the study suggest the necessity of not only timely diagnosis of fasting glycemia and impaired glucose tolerance but also further monitoring and correction of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with this pathology as well as of the elaboration and implementation of a comprehensive program for the screening of disturbed carbohydrate metabolism in high-risk groups.