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Use of immunocontraception in the regulation of male goat sexual activity.
Pol J Vet Sci
September 2024
Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary University Brno, Palackého třída 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
This study focused on continuous monitoring of the immunocontraceptive effect of Improvac® vaccine on the sexual activity of male goats determined by measuring plasma testosterone levels, testicular biometric and ejaculate examination. The animals in the experimental group (n=12) were administered two doses of 2 ml of Improvac® at a four-week interval; the animals in the control group (n=5) received 2 ml of saline. Blood collection, semen collection and testicular measurements were performed at 14-day intervals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFamily planning behavior before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York City Health + Hospitals/South Brooklyn Health, Brooklyn, NY, United States of America.
Article Synopsis
- The study compared contraception use and follow-up visit data among women aged 18-49 in New York City before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, divided into three one-year periods.
- Findings showed increased use of contraceptive implants during the early COVID-19 period without a vaccine, while usage of overall contraception and IUDs decreased when vaccines became available.
- The results indicate shifts in contraceptive behavior due to the pandemic, emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to adapt to changing preferences during public health crises.
Five epidemiological aspects of ASF were evaluated using literature reviews, field studies, questionnaires and mathematical models. First, a literature review and a case-control study in commercial pig farms emphasised the importance of biosecurity and farming practices, including the spread of manure around farms and the use of bedding material as risk factors, while the use of insect nets was a protective factor. Second, although wild boar density is a relevant known factor, the statistical and mechanistic models did not show a clear and consistent effect of wild boar density on ASF epidemiology in the selected scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociations between family planning, healthcare access, and female education and vaccination among under-immunized children.
Vaccine
January 2025
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Background: Increasing childhood vaccination, family planning, healthcare access, and women's empowerment are targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Barriers to healthcare access impede vaccination; tackling goals holistically could create larger gains than siloed efforts. We studied Nepal, Senegal, and Zambia to test the association between childhood vaccinations and other SDG indicators to identify clustered deprivations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructure-guided design and evaluation of CRM197-scaffolded vaccine targeting GnRH for animal immunocastration.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266073, China.
Immunocastration is a humane alternative to surgical castration for controlling population and estrous behaviors in animals. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the pivotal initiating hormone of the hormonal cascade in mammals, is the optimal target for immunocastration vaccine development. Cognate antigen-mediated cross-linking of B cell receptors (BCRs) is a strong activation signal for B cells and is facilitated by repetitive surface organizations of antigens.
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