Combustion of two semi-dried sewage sludges in a 110 mm has been characterized in terms of particulate and gaseous emissions. Sludges differed in that they had been conditioned - at the flocculation stage of wastewater treatment - either with Ca-based inorganics or with polyelectrolytes. Combustion was efficient for both sewage sludges under all the operating conditions tested. Significant differences have instead been observed between the two types of sewage sludges as regards particulate and macro-pollutant gaseous emissions (SO2, NOx). NOx formation is significantly influenced by ash accumulation inside the bed only when sewage sludge conditioned with Ca-based inorganics is fired. The time-resolved profiles of NOx concentration and the mass flow rate of the elutriated fines have been worked out to evaluate the fuel nitrogen yield to NOx as a function of ash accumulated inside the bed divided by the air mass feed rate. Experimental results have been compared with data present in literature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.02.016 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Graduate School of INHA University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, INHA University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
The increasing CO concentration in the atmosphere has substantial impacts on the global temperature. For energy sustainability and minimization of the effects of global warming, an approach to understand CO capturing and a carbon neutral culture is extremely essential in the present circumstances. The CO emission from vehicles and industries can be minimized using energy cost-effective techniques and can be converted more selectively into reusable fuels via thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, biological and inorganic carbonate-based approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
January 2025
Department of Physics, Lund University, BOX 118, Lund, 221 00, SWEDEN.
In recent years, studies of surfaces at more realistic conditions has advanced significantly, leading to an increased understanding of surface dynamics under reaction conditions. The development has mainly been due to the development of new experimental techniques or new experimental approaches. Techniques such as High Pressure Scanning Tunneling/Force Microscopy (HPSTM/HPAFM), Ambient Pressure X-ray Photo emission Spectroscopy (APXPS), Surface X-Ray Diffraction (SXRD), Polarization-Modulation InfraRed Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy (PMIRRAS) and Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) at semi-realistic conditions has been used to study planar model catalysts or industrial materials under operating conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China.
Soil nitrogen (N) transformations control N availability and plant production and pose environmental concerns when N is lost, raising issues such as soil acidification, water contamination, and climate change. Former studies suggested that soil N cycling is chiefly regulated by microbial activity; however, emerging evidence indicates that this regulation is disrupted by heavy metal (HM) contamination, which alters microbial communities and enzyme functions critical to N transformations. Environmental factors like soil organic carbon, soil texture, water content, temperature, soil pH, N fertilization, and redox status play significant roles in modulating the response of soil N cycling to HM contamination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China. Electronic address:
Ammonia (NH) is crucial in fine particulate matter (PM) formation, but past estimations on industrial NH emissions remain highly uncertain. In this study, the flow of NH within air pollution control devices (APCDs) were investigated basing on material flow analysis with in-situ measurements of NH concentrations at the inlets and outlets of each APCD. Then, by combing emission factors updated with recent in-situ measurements and provincial-level activity data from statistical yearbooks and associated reports, NH emissions from various industrial sources, as well as their spatial distribution across China in 2020, were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
January 2025
Air Methods and Characterization Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States.
This study examines three representative semigasifier cookstove models each burning four types of pelletized-biomass fuel (hardwood, peanut hull, rice husk, and wheat straw) using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1:2018 protocol. ISO tier ratings for fine particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions ranged 1-4 and 2-5 (where 5 = cleanest), respectively, suggesting that pellet-fueled cookstoves may provide substantial emissions reductions, dependent upon stove/fuel matching and operation, over other biomass-fueled cooking alternatives. PM emission factors based on useful energy delivered (EF) varied by up to 25-fold, and organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC) EF values respectively varied by >200- and ∼100-fold, reflecting complex variability in PM composition.
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