Gorham disease of the craniocervical junction: X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Background Context: Gorham disease of massive osteolysis is a spontaneous, idiopathic, and progressive form of primary osteolysis. It has no age, sex, or race predilection, and patients are mostly asymptomatic until severe deformity or pathological fracture becomes evident.

Purpose: A patient with craniocervical involvement is presented, describing imaging findings with a review of the literature to provide an insight into the disorder.

Study Design/setting: Case report and review of the literature.

Methods: X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a patient with findings related to the site of involvement.

Results: All images demonstrate osteolysis typically described for the disease. Differential diagnosis and key features are indicated. Operative findings and pathological analysis were also consistent with the findings. Patient's follow-up is also reported.

Conclusions: This benign appearing yet disabling disease may become fatal in relation to the site involved. Acknowledging imaging findings may provide early diagnosis for timely intervention or supportive management.