John Chalmers DaCosta was an influential chairman and the first Samuel D. Gross Professor of Surgery at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia. He was well known throughout the field as a skilled surgeon, passionate speaker, and exceptional writer. In addition to countless accomplishments during his career, DaCosta was deeply dedicated to the preservation and commemoration of surgical history. This ideology was exemplified when he set out on a mission to recover the old wooden operating table used by many of his iconic mentors including Samuel D. Gross, Joseph Pancoast, and William W. Keen. This table was originally used for surgical demonstrations and anatomy lessons in a lecture room of the Ely Building and later in the great amphitheater of the Jefferson Sansom Street Hospital. It was found forgotten in the basement of the College Building and was promptly refurbished, donned with dedicatory plaques, and returned to its honored position in the medical college. Dr. DaCosta also contributed a detailed article recalling the history of the table and the notable leaders in surgery who taught and practiced on its surface. The old table currently stands proudly in the entranceway of the Department of Surgery where it will remain as a cherished symbol of the early beginnings of surgical practice and education.
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Effect of randomised blood pressure lowering treatment and intensive glucose control on dementia and cognitive decline according to baseline cognitive function and other subpopulations of individuals with type 2 diabetes: Results from the ADVANCE trial.
Cereb Circ Cogn Behav
December 2024
The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Background And Aims: Accumulating evidence indicates that reducing high blood pressure (BP) prevents dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Furthermore, although diabetes is a risk factor for dementia and MCI, there is uncertainty of the effect of intensive glucose control on these endpoints. This study aimed to determine the effects of BP-lowering (vs placebo) and intensive glucose-lowering (vs standard control) treatments according to baseline cognition and other characteristics on dementia and cognitive decline (CD) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of renal function on blood pressure control and outcome in thrombolyzed patients after acute ischemic stroke: analysis of the ENCHANTED trial.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: The effect of renal impairment in patients who receive intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is unclear. We aimed to determine the associations of renal impairment and clinical outcomes and any modification of the effect of intensive versus guideline-recommended blood pressure (BP) control in the BP arm of the International Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study (ENCHANTED).
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Intensive Glucose Lowering and Its Effects on Vascular Events and Death According to Age at Diagnosis and Duration of Diabetes: The ADVANCE Trial.
Diabetes Care
February 2025
The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Objective: To compare the vascular effects of pursuing more versus less glucose lowering in patients with younger or older age at diabetes diagnosis, and with shorter or longer diabetes duration.
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Processes and approaches to perioperative pain management in patients undergoing major lower extremity amputations secondary to vascular disease: a multi-specialty modified Delphi consensus study protocol.
BMJ Open
December 2024
Epidemiology Group, University of Aberdeen Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * A modified Delphi methodology will be employed to gather opinions from a diverse group of UK experts through a series of anonymous surveys, aiming for consensus on effective pain management techniques.
- * The study seeks to analyze expert agreement using structured feedback and will only continue if a consensus of at least 75% is reached among participants, although ethical approval was deemed unnecessary.
Patterns and Clinical Implications of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results From the ENCHANTED Study.
Neurology
December 2024
From the Department of Neurology (Y.W., S.W., M.L.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The George Institute for Global Health (Y.W., T.M., S.Y., C.C., L.L., Z.Z., C.D., J.P.C., C.S.A., X.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (T.G.R.), Leicester, United Kingdom; University of Sydney (R.I.L.); Department of Clinical Medicine (C.D.), Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Division of Neuroimaging Sciences (G.M., J.M.W.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences and Centre in the UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (J.P.C., C.S.A.), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney Health Partners, Australia; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (H.A.), Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Neurology Department (Y.H.), Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Neurology Department (J.S.K.), Asan Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea; Neurology and Psychiatry Department (P.M.L.), Clinica Alemana de Santiago, Facultad de Medicina Universidad del Desarrollo, Chile; Neurology Department (T.-H.L.), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurology Department (C.L., M.W.P.), John Hunter Hospital and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia; Brazilian Stroke Network (S.C.M.), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Brazil; Neurology Department (J.D.P.), Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, India; Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences (O.M.P.-N.), Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, Brazil; School of Medicine (V.K.S.), National University of Singapore and Division of Neurology (V.K.S.), National University Hospital, Singapore; Department of Cerebrovascular Disease (T.H.N.), 115 Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Shanghai Institute for Hypertension (J.W.), Rui Jin Hospital and Shanghai Jiaotong University; and Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence (C.S.A.), Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Article Synopsis
- Hemorrhagic transformation is a serious complication of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke, and this study aimed to understand its impact on clinical outcomes by evaluating different hemorrhage patterns.
- The research analyzed data from the Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study and defined symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and asymptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (aICH) based on established criteria, examining their associations with patient outcomes.
- Results showed that 17.8% of participants experienced intracranial hemorrhage, with sICH significantly linked to worse outcomes, including death and major disability, while aICH also posed risks, though to a lesser extent.
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