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Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) are known to mediate signaling cascades during plant growth and development, as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this context, the present study provides extensive characterization of specific PLA2s in durum wheat, and assesses their involvement in durum wheat response to drought stress. In durum wheat leaves, four full-length expressed sequences encoding putative PLA2s were isolated and characterized as belonging to the class of secretory PLA2s (sPLA2s): TdsPLA2I, TdsPLA2II, TdsPLA2III and TdsPLA2IV. PLA2 activity was also detected, the characteristics of which resemble those of previously characterized plant sPLA2s: strong preference for phospholipids; requirement for millimolar Ca2+ concentrations; optimal activity at basic pH; heat stability; and inhibition by the reducing agent dithiothreitol. With drought stress imposed at both the vegetative and reproductive stages, accumulation of TdsPLA2I and TdsPLA2III transcripts, and to a lesser extent of TdsPLA2IV transcript, paralleled increased PLA2 activity; both transcript levels and enzymatic activity decreased as a consequence of stress recovery. Consistently, free fatty acid analysis of drought-stressed leaves revealed increased linoleate, linolenate and palmitate contents, which were reversed by plant re-watering. Overall, these findings strongly suggest that there are inducible sPLA2 isoforms in durum wheat that have roles in orchestrating the plant response to drought stress.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14035146 | DOI Listing |
J Integr Plant Biol
December 2024
Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Starch biosynthesis is a critical factor in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality and yield. However, the full scope of its regulation is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
December 2024
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University Orta, Istanbul, ;Türkiye.
Inherently low concentrations of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), iodine (I), and selenium (Se) in wheat ( L.) grains represent a major cause of micronutrient malnutrition (hidden hunger) in human populations. Genetic biofortification represents a highly useful solution to this problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
December 2024
College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement On Southern Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
Genetic dissection of yield-related traits can be used to improve wheat yield through molecular design breeding. In this study, we genotyped 245 wheat varieties and measured 13 yield-related plant height-, grain-, and spike-related traits, in seven environments, and identified 778 loci for these traits by genome-wide association study (GWAS) using single- and multi-locus models. Among these loci, nine were major, of which seven were novel, including Qph/lph.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiol Plant
December 2024
College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, PR China.
Melatonin (MT) serves an indispensable function in plant development and their response to abiotic stress. Although numerous drought-tolerance genes have been ascertained in wheat, further investigation into the molecular pathways controlling drought stress tolerance remains necessary. In this investigation, it was observed that MT treatment markedly enhanced drought resistance in wheat by diminishing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and augmenting the activity of antioxidant enzymes POD, APX, and CAT compared to untreated control plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
December 2024
Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Soybean-wheat sequence, one of the most vital cropping systems for farmers, has been suffering for productivity stagnation and decline due to several factors. Strategic management of the inputs particularly the nutrients could aid the crops achieve optimum growth and yield. Keeping this in mind, four years of field experiment was conducted to study the effect of combining inorganic as well as organic nutrient sources using soil-test-crop-response (STCR) approach in a randomized block design having ten treatments including control, 100% Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF), 50% RDF, 100% RDF + 5 kg Zn ha (100% RDF + Zn), 100% RDF + 5 t farmyard manure ha (100% RDF + FYM), 50% RDF + 5 t farmyard manure ha (50% RDF + FYM), STCR inorganic with target yield-I (STCR TY-I), STCR inorganic with TY-II, STCR integrated with TY-I (STCR TY-I) and STCR integrated with TY-II (STCR TY-II) with each treatment replicated thrice.
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