The association between overall survival of prostate cancer patients and hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight in Southern China: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight are considered associated with the development and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study is aimed at investigating the association between pre-existing hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight and the overall survival (OS) of PCa patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: We studied the clinical data of 323 patients of PCa receiving ADT in our hospital from January 2003 to August 2012 aged 50-91. The association between OS and hypertension, hyperglycemia, or overweight, both separately and together, was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier method. The distributions of clinicopathological features among groups were evaluated using Fisher's exact or chi-square test.

Results: 23 men (7.12 %) were lost to follow-up during this study. During a median follow-up for 43 months (range 3-119 months), 122 deaths (40.67 %) were confirmed. The five-year OS rate of men with both hypertension and overweight (28.57 %) was significantly lower than that of control group (48.33 %, P = 0.024). It was also moderately lower than that of men just with hypertension (50.00 %, P = 0.095) or overweight (55.56 %, P = 0.088). Men with both hyperglycemia and overweight had significantly shorter survival time than control group (P = 0.037). The distributions of clinical information were similar among all the groups except that overweight patients had a lower proportion of PSA level over 20 ng/mL (65.38 %) than control group (84.95 %, P = 0.026).

Conclusions: Pre-existing hypertension, hyperglycemia, and overweight were associated with poor prognosis of PCa patients. Men with both hypertension and overweight, or with both hyperglycemia and overweight had significantly shorter survival time.