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Tissue Determinants of Antiviral Immunity in the Liver.
Z Gastroenterol
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Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
The liver is an organ bearing important metabolic and immune functions. Hepatocytes are the main metabolically active cells of the liver and are the target of infection by hepatotropic viruses. Virus-specific CD8 T cells are essential for the control of hepatocyte infection with hepatotropic viruses but may be subject to local regulation of their effector function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional cure of a young child with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis treated by pegylated interferon α combination therapy: A case report.
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January 2025
Jumei Doctor Group Medical (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.
Rationale: Current research on antiviral treatment in children is relatively limited, especially in children under 1 year old.
Patient Concerns: Liu XX, an 8-month-old infant (case number: 3001120473), presented to the hospital in August 2016 with a chief complaint of being "hepatitis B surface antigen positive for 8 months and experiencing abnormal liver function for 5 months."
Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis (G3S3-4) with active compensatory phase.
Role of Rab13, Protein Kinase A, and Zonula Occludens-1 in Hepatitis E Virus Entry and Cell-to-Cell Spread: Comparative Analysis of Quasi-Enveloped and Non-Enveloped Forms.
Pathogens
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Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) exists in two distinct forms: a non-enveloped form (neHEV), which is present in feces and bile, and a quasi-enveloped form (eHEV), found in circulating blood and culture supernatants. This study aimed to elucidate the roles of Ras-associated binding 13 (Rab13) and protein kinase A (PKA) in the entry mechanisms of both eHEV and neHEV, utilizing small interfering RNA (siRNA) and chemical inhibitors. The results demonstrated that the entry of both viral forms is dependent on Rab13 and PKA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian circoviruses and hepadnaviruses identified in tissue samples of various waterfowl.
Virology
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School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA; The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA; Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA; Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Integrative, Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. Electronic address:
North America is home to over 40 species of migratory waterfowl. Utilizing tissue and cloacal-swab sampling from hunter-harvested carcasses in 2021-2023, we identified circular DNA viruses associated with 116 waterfowl samples from nine species (American wigeons, Mexican ducks, northern shovelers, northern pintails, canvasbacks, mallards, American black ducks, gadwalls, and green-winged teals). We determined the genome sequences of viruses in the families Circoviridae (n = 18) and Hepadnaviridae (n = 2) from the 13 virus-infected birds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir in Pediatric Patients: Impact of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
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Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Purpose: The pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of direct-acting antivirals, namely ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF), might be altered in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), affecting the optimum dose needed for hepatitis C virus treatment. Limited data are available evaluating the population PK of LDV/SOF and SOF metabolite GS-331007. We aimed to study whether ALL could affect population PK parameters of LDV, SOF, and the SOF major metabolite GS-331007 in hepatitis C virus-infected children, develop and validate a predictive PK model of LDV/SOF disposition in this special population, and identify their explained and unexplained sources of variability.
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