[New diagnosis tools for tuberculosis laboratory network in Latin America].

Feasibility of rapid and sustainable diagnostic methods that provide useful and timely results to guide the clinical control of tuberculosis patients was analyzed. However, policies guiding the insertion of new diagnostics in the laboratory services that support the tuberculosis control are lacking in developing countries. The introduction of these methods in developing countries laboratories requires rational policies guiding the application of these technologies. In the last few years, some automated systems for culture and molecular testing in laboratory services for tuberculosis diagnosis, which offered accuracy and speed, have been reported. However, their implementation is restricted because of costly resources, logistics and infrastructure. Recently, various economically feasible tests have demonstrated to be applicable in poor-resource labs. The detection of adenosine desaminase (ADA) in pleural fluid is a valuable low-cost approach to the diagnosis of tuberculosis. On the other hand, the microscopic detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using thin layer agar is a moderate cost alternative method. Drug susceptibility testing to antituberculous drugs can be expedited by the nitrate reduction assay in tuberculosis laboratories using routine procedures for tuberculosis diagnosis.