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Periodontal ligament tissues support neutrophil differentiation and maturation processes.
Front Immunol
November 2024
Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- The periodontal ligament is a crucial tissue that connects teeth to the surrounding bone, composed of various cell types important for its function, including poorly understood neutrophils.
- Researchers analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing to uncover the different populations of neutrophils in the periodontal ligament, identifying four distinct groups at various maturation stages.
- The findings suggest that the periodontal ligament acts as a supportive microenvironment for neutrophil development, indicating it plays a role in hematopoiesis and the maturation of these immune cells.
Influence of exposure duration on human pressure-induced inflammatory responses: Comparison between tunnel workers and underwater divers.
Physiol Rep
November 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Research examines how tunnel workers experience high pressure exposure compared to SCUBA divers, focusing on inflammation linked to decompression sickness (DCS).
- Despite longer high-pressure exposure in tunnel workers (4.1-4.9 hours) versus shorter exposure for divers (0.61 hours), blood analysis showed similar increases in blood microparticles and interleukin levels for both groups.
- Neutrophil counts and activation were significantly higher in tunnel workers, indicating that while microparticle levels stabilize quickly, neutrophil activation requires more time under high pressure conditions.
The GPCR adaptor protein Norbin controls the trafficking of C5aR1 and CXCR4 in mouse neutrophils.
J Biol Chem
December 2024
Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address:
Norbin (Neurochondrin, NCDN) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) adaptor protein known for its importance in neuronal function. Norbin works by binding to numerous GPCRs, controlling their steady-state trafficking and sometimes their agonist-induced internalization, as well as their signaling. We recently showed that Norbin is expressed in neutrophils, limits the surface levels of the GPCRs C5aR1 and CXCR4 in neutrophils, and suppresses neutrophil-mediated innate immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutrophil plasticity in liver diseases.
J Leukoc Biol
October 2024
School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
The liver has critical digestive, metabolic, and immunosurveillance roles, which get disrupted during liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. While previous research on the pathological development of these diseases has focused on liver-resident immune populations, such as Kupffer cells, infiltrating immune cells responding to pathogens and disease also play crucial roles. Neutrophils are one such key population contributing to hepatic inflammation and disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpaired phagocytosis and oxidative respiratory burst activity in sickle cell anemia leukocytes.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci
August 2024
Haematology and Blood Transfusion Science Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria.
Objectives: This case-control study investigated the mode of leukocyte function in sickle cell anemia (SCA) to delineate the underlying immunopathology for early diagnosis and mitigate the increased bacterial infection risk in this patient population.
Method: In total, 90 participants comprising 24 hemoglobin (Hb)-AA, 22 Hb-AS, 23 steady state Hb-SS and 21 vaso-occlusive crisis state Hb-SS subjects were recruited for this study. The subjects were further divided into the following six groups: Hb-AA and Hb-AS subjects as control groups, Hb-SS subjects at steady state, Hb-SS subjects in a vaso-occlusive crisis state, Hb-SS subjects undergoing medication (Meds), and Hb-SS subjects undergoing medication plus blood transfusion (Meds/BT) group, respectively.
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