Purpose: Little is known about the independent effect of workers' residential location and work-commuting on their long-term disability due to work-related injuries. We examined 149,110 incident claims while adjusting for multiple risk factors in a large, population-based sample of Washington State workers' compensation State Fund claims during 2002-2008.
Methods: Claimants' residential addresses were geocoded with census tract and aggregated into four category classification of the Rural Urban Commuting Area Codes (RUCAs) which takes into account for tract-level work-commuting. We used logistic regressions to assess the association between RUCAs and whether or not a person was off work for more than 180 days due to injury; Quantile regressions to predict various percentiles of cumulative lost workdays by RUCAs.
Results: Compared to those who live in the Urban Core, workers in other areas experienced longer average paid time loss days due to work-related injury. The association between residential location and long-term disability was significant, odds ratio (OR) 1.19 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.27) for residents of Small Town and Isolated Rural and OR 1.17 (95 % CI 1.12-1.22) for those of Sub Urban, and persisted after controlling for injury nature, socio-demographic, employment-related, and claim administrative characteristics. The impact of residential location and work-commuting elevated as the duration of disability increased.
Conclusions: This study shows that residential location and work-commuting has a significant and time-varying impact on duration of work disability. Workers living in Sub Urban and Small Town and Isolated Rural areas represent a particularly vulnerable group with respect to risk of long-term work disability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10926-013-9424-2 | DOI Listing |
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