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Lewy body diseases and the gut.
Mol Neurodegener
January 2025
Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA.
Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in Lewy body diseases (LBDs) has been observed since the initial descriptions of patients by James Parkinson. Recent experimental and human observational studies raise the possibility that pathogenic alpha-synuclein (⍺-syn) might develop in the GI tract and subsequently spread to susceptible brain regions. The cellular and mechanistic origins of ⍺-syn propagation in disease are under intense investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Systems to Modulate Tumor Immune Response for Glioblastoma Treatment.
Acta Biomater
January 2025
School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Yibin Academy of Southwest University, Yibin 644005, China. Electronic address:
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary central nervous system neoplasm, characterized by a grim prognosis and low survival rates. This unfavorable therapeutic outcome is partially attributed to the inadequate immune infiltration and an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which compromises the effectiveness of conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To this end, precise modulation of cellular dynamics in the immune system has emerged as a promising approach for therapeutic intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDamage sensing through TLR9 regulates inflammatory and antiviral responses during influenza infection.
Mucosal Immunol
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA USA; Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine New Haven CT USA. Electronic address:
Host response aimed at eliminating the infecting pathogen, as well as the pathogen itself, can cause tissue injury. Tissue injury leads to the release of a myriad of cellular components including mitochondrial DNA, which the host senses through pattern recognition receptors. How the sensing of tissue injury by the host shapes the anti-pathogen response remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivation of the conserved Hippo kinases by inflammasome-triggered proteolytic cleavage controls programmed cell death in macrophages.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.
The mammalian Hippo kinases, MST1 and MST2, regulate organ development and suppress tumor formation by balancing cell proliferation and death. In macrophages, inflammasomes detect molecular patterns from invading pathogens or damaged host cells and trigger programmed cell death. In addition to lytic pyroptosis, the signatures associated with apoptosis are induced by inflammasome activation, but how the inflammasomes coordinate different cell death processes remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTIR signaling activates caspase-like immunity in bacteria.
Science
January 2025
Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Caspase family proteases and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-domain proteins have central roles in innate immunity and regulated cell death in humans. We describe a bacterial immune system comprising both a caspase-like protease and a TIR-domain protein. We found that the TIR protein, once it recognizes phage invasion, produces the previously unknown immune signaling molecule adenosine 5'-diphosphate-cyclo[N7:1'']-ribose (N7-cADPR).
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