Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS) prophylaxis are important tools for malaria control, but there are concerns about their effect on gametocytes, the stage of the parasite responsible for transmission. We conducted a longitudinal clinical trial in a cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children living in an area of high malaria transmission intensity in Uganda. Study participants were randomized to artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for all treatments of uncomplicated malaria (N = 4,380) as well as TS prophylaxis for different durations. The risks of gametocytemia detected by microscopy in the 28 days after antimalarial therapy were compared using multivariate analyses. The risk of gametocyte detection was significantly higher in patients treated with DP compared with AL (adjusted relative risk = 1.85, P < 0.001) and among children prescribed TS prophylaxis (adjusted relative risk = 1.76, P < 0.001). The risk of gametocytemia and its potential for increasing transmission should be considered when evaluating different ACTs and TS prophylaxis for malaria control.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3617862 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.12-0654 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Enhancing tuberculosis case notifications through mapping sales of medicine in the private sector: a quasi-experimental study in Punjab province, Pakistan.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Innovations & Grants, Stop TB Partnership, Global Health Campus - Chemin du Pommier 40, Le Grand-Saconnex, 1218, Geneva, Switzerland.
Introduction: In Pakistan, almost one-third of people who develop tuberculosis (TB) are missed by the National TB Program (NTP). A considerable number of people with TB receive treatment in the private sector but remain unnotified. This study documents the outcomes of an intervention to identify people with TB through private pharmacy engagement, building on mapping TB medicine sales in Punjab Province.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffectiveness of a tailored forest package of interventions, including topical repellents, in reducing malaria incidence in Myanmar.
Malar J
January 2025
PMI Defeat Malaria Activity, University Research Co., LLC, Yangon, Burma.
Background: In Myanmar, progress towards malaria elimination has stagnated in some areas requiring deployment of new tools and approaches to accelerate malaria elimination. While there is evidence that networks of community-based malaria workers and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) can reduce malaria transmission in a variety of settings, evidence for the effectiveness of other interventions, such as topical repellents, is limited. Since malaria transmission in Myanmar occurs outdoors, mainly among forest-goers, this study tested the effectiveness of topical repellents in combination with supplemental ITN distribution and strengthened networks of malaria workers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnopheles mosquitoes in Mondulkiri forest, Cambodia: abundance, distribution, seasonal patterns and Plasmodium prevalence.
Malar J
January 2025
Malaria Research Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Background: Mosquitoes are important drivers of infectious diseases transmission, with Anopheles mosquitoes being responsible of malaria transmission. In Cambodia, where malaria is prevalent in forested regions, understanding the ecology of these vectors is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the abundance, distribution, seasonal patterns, biting behaviour of Anopheles mosquitoes, and prevalence of Plasmodium, in Mondulkiri province, Northeastern Cambodia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new RH5.1/Matrix-M candidate malaria vaccine: a promising finding to boost malaria elimination in Africa.
Lancet Infect Dis
January 2025
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Situational analysis of malaria in Cabo Verde: From endemic control to elimination, history, cases data and challenges ahead.
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Vectorielle et Parasitaire (LEVP), Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
On 12 January 2024, Cabo Verde was officially certified by the WHO as a malaria-free country after six consecutive years without local transmission. This study analysed the malaria history of Cabo Verde from 1953 to certification in 2024, highlighted the valuable lessons learned, and discussed challenges for prevention reintroduction. Malaria data from the last 35 years (1988-2022) were analysed using descriptive analyses, and cases were mapped using the USGS National Map Viewer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!