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Metagenome mining divulges virulent and multidrug resistant ST242 and ST∗1b23 coinfecting an 8-month-old meningitis infant under ICU in Kampala, Uganda, East Africa.
Heliyon
October 2024
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Article Synopsis
- Pediatric meningitis poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings where the pathogens involved and their antibiotic resistance are poorly understood, prompting a study in Kampala, Uganda.
- The study used metagenome binning and antibiotic susceptibility testing to identify pathogens associated with infant meningitis, revealing two strains (ST242 and ST∗1b23) that showed considerable resistance to commonly used antibiotics, including ceftriaxone.
- Analysis of the virulence factors of these strains indicated mechanisms that target and disrupt the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that coinfection and interactions between these pathogens may complicate the treatment of meningitis and undermine the efficacy of ceftriaxone.
Surgical site infection and antimicrobial use following caesarean section at QECH in Blantyre, Malawi: a prospective cohort study.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control
October 2024
School of Medicine and Oral Health, Department of Pathology, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Private Bag 360, Chichiri, Blantyre, Malawi.
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most common healthcare-associated infections and preventable complication of surgical procedure; continue to threaten public health with significant effects on the patients and health care human and financial resources. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the incidence of SSIs, risk factors and common microorganisms associated with SSI and assess the practice of antimicrobial use in women following Caesarean Section (CS) at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH).
Methods: This was a hospital-based quantitative prospective study design involving pregnant women who underwent a CS between February, 2023 and July, 2023 at QECH with 30 day-follow-ups.
Antibiotic use and adherence to the WHO AWaRe guidelines across 16 hospitals in Zambia: a point prevalence survey.
JAC Antimicrob Resist
October 2024
Antimicrobial Resistance Coordinating Committee (AMRCC), Zambia National Public Health Institute (ZNPHI), Lusaka, Zambia.
Background: The inappropriate use of antibiotics in hospitals contributes to the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluated the prevalence of antibiotic use and adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) classification of antibiotics across 16 hospitals in Zambia.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study employing the WHO Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) methodology and WHO AWaRe classification of antibiotics was conducted among inpatients across 16 hospitals in December 2023, Zambia.
Inappropriate ceftriaxone utilization and predictor factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Ceftriaxone stands as a cornerstone in global antibiotic therapy owing to its potent antibacterial activity, broad spectrum coverage, and low toxicity. Nevertheless, its efficacy is impeded by widespread inappropriate prescribing and utilization practices, significantly contributing to bacterial resistance. The aim of this study is to determine the overall national pooled prevalence of inappropriate ceftriaxone utilization and its predictor factors in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimal Pediatric Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing.
JAMA Netw Open
October 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Importance: In the US, 50% of all pediatric outpatient antibiotics prescribed are unnecessary or inappropriate. Less is known about the appropriateness of pediatric outpatient antibiotic prescribing.
Objective: To identify the overall percentage of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions that are optimal according to guideline recommendations for first-line antibiotic choice and duration.
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