In this work, we study the electrochemical behaviour of skatole, one of the compounds responsible for the offensive smell in pork meat that is known as boar taint, at different metal and carbon electrodes. We then demonstrate for the first time that skatole and indole, the main electroactive interferent potentially present in real samples, can be discriminated and separately quantified using cheap and disposable screen printed electrodes (SPE). This implies significant progress compared to the colorimetric method reported by Mortensen in 1983.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3an36421f | DOI Listing |
J Food Sci
December 2024
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Cells
October 2024
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Shimane, Japan.
Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in intestinal epithelial cells significantly contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Given our previous findings that TNF-α is upregulated in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells induced by skatole, a tryptophan-derived gut microbiota metabolite, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between skatole and IL-6, alongside TNF-α. Skatole elevated the promoter activity of IL-6 as well as TNF-α, and increased IL-6 mRNA expression and protein secretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Reprod
November 2024
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agriculture Research Service (ARS), U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Livestock Bio-systems Research Unit, Clay Center, NE 68933-0165, USA.
Microorganisms
August 2024
College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, China.
Indole and skatole (3-methylindole, CHN) are common nitrogen-containing heterocyclic pollutants found in waste, wastewater treatment plants, and public restrooms and are the most notorious compounds in animal feces. Biodegradation was considered a feasible method for the removal of indole and skatole, but a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic pathways under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions was lacking, and the functional genes responsible for skatole biodegradation remained a mystery. Through metagenomic and gene cluster functional analysis, p38 (NCBI: CP167896), (styrene monooxygenase: ACDW34_08180), and (styrene monooxygenase: ACDW34_08350) were identified as having the potential to degrade indole and skatole.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal
October 2024
PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
The main principles of organic farming as presented by the European organisation for organic food and farming are health, ecology, fairness and care, but the intrinsic quality of products is also important for consumers. Pig genotype was tested as a lever to improve animal welfare and pork quality (meat tenderness, processing ability) of organic, non-castrated males while controlling the risk for boar taint. Non-castrated Large White × Duroc (D, n = 47) or Large White × Pietrain NN (P, n = 34) males were involved in two batches, each including one group of pigs per genotype.
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