Minimal-invasive, single-port laparoscopic surgery is a recent innovation that may improve surgical outcomes. In this chapter, we review published research on single-port surgery in gynaecology, and the different surgical instruments available. Challenges, advantages, indications and potential future rules of this new approach are also discussed. Sixty-five studies were available for review: 17 case reports, 32 case studies, 13 retrospective comparative studies, and three randomised-controlled trials (RCTs). The recent availability of advanced instruments has made single-port surgery safer and more feasible for most benign gynaecologic surgeries. Single-port surgery has many potential benefits, but comparative trials have found no differences between single-port surgery and conventional laparoscopy in postoperative complications, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and cosmetic results. Single-port surgery seems to provide another option in the area of minimal invasive surgery, and further development of this technique, along with robotics and natural orifice transgastric endoscopic surgery, will improve dissemination of this approach.
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