Frequent infusions of intravenous factor VIII (FVIII) are required to prevent bleeding associated with hemophilia A. To reduce the treatment burden, recombinant FVIII with a longer half-life was developed without changing the protein structure. FVIII-polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugates were prepared using an enzymatic process coupling PEG (ranging from 10 to 80 kDa) selectively to a unique O-linked glycan in the FVIII B-domain. Binding to von Willebrand factor (VWF) was maintained for all conjugates. Upon cleavage by thrombin, the B-domain and the associated PEG were released, generating activated FVIII (FVIIIa) with the same primary structure and specific activity as native FVIIIa. In both FVIII- and VWF-deficient mice, the half-life was found to increase with the size of PEG. In vivo potency and efficacy of FVIII conjugated with a 40-kDa PEG (N8-GP) and unmodified FVIII were not different. N8-GP had a longer duration of effect in FVIII-deficient mouse models, approximately a twofold prolonged half-life in mice, rabbits, and cynomolgus monkeys; however, the prolongation was less pronounced in rats. Binding capacity of N8-GP on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells was reduced compared with unmodified FVIII, resulting in several-fold reduced cellular uptake. In conclusion, N8-GP has the potential to offer efficacious prevention and treatment of bleeds in hemophilia A at reduced dosing frequency.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-01-407494 | DOI Listing |
Aliment Pharmacol Ther
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Background And Aims: We assessed clinical, procoagulant and genetic risk factors and clinical outcomes in dabigatran-treated patients with non-tumoural acute and acute-on-chronic portal vein thrombosis (PVT).
Methods: Patients with a new diagnosis of non-tumoural acute and acute-on-chronic PVT between January 2021 and January 2024 (aged ≥ 18 years) in those without/with cirrhosis (Child-Pugh (CP)-A/B/C ≤ 10) were started on dabigatran and followed and compared with those on vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and untreated individuals.
Results: Dabigatran was prescribed in 119 patients with PVT type 1 (61, 51.
J Thromb Haemost
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is the primary intervention for treating symptomatic hyperviscosity from hypergammaglobulinemia, yet its efficacy for treating hyperviscosity related to hyperfibrinogenemia is unclear.
Objective: Define the safety and efficacy of TPE for critically ill COVID-19 patients with elevated blood viscosity from hyperfibrinogenemia.
Method: A prospective, randomized controlled trial in critically ill COVID-19 patients at a single US healthcare system.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, IND.
Background and objective Hemophilia A (HA) is a genetic bleeding disorder caused by a lack of factor VIII (FVIII) and is associated with frequent bleeding and joint damage. Traditional intravenous treatments for this condition are cumbersome and can lead to complications. Emicizumab, a bispecific monoclonal antibody, offers a promising subcutaneous alternative with potential safety and efficacy-related benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHaemophilia
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Background: Subcutaneous emicizumab, a factor VIII (FVIII)-mimicking bispecific monoclonal antibody, can effectively prevent bleeds in haemophilia A (HA) patients with/without inhibitors; however, its standard-dose regimens are financially burdensome. Low-dose emicizumab prophylaxis may alternatively be applied to noninhibitor HA patients in resource-limited settings.
Methods: During 2023, Thai patients with noninhibitor severe HA or moderate HA with severe bleeding phenotype (historical annualized bleeding rate [ABR] >5 bleeds/year before regular FVIII prophylaxis) who received low-/intermediate-dose FVIII secondary prophylaxis ≥8 months were enrolled.
Ann Hematol
December 2024
Shandong Blood Center, Shandong Hemophilia Treatment Center, Jinan, China.
Hemophilia A (HA) is an X-chromosome-linked recessive genetic disorder. Female carriers may have bleeding symptoms, but rarely have moderate or severe disease. We identified a female patient with moderate HA by pedigree tracking and genetic testing in a HA family involving consanguineous marriage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!