Aims/hypothesis: The role of the intestine in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases is gaining much attention. We therefore sought to validate, using an animal model, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) in the estimation of intestinal glucose uptake (GU), and thereafter to test whether intestinal insulin-stimulated GU is altered in morbidly obese compared with healthy human participants.
Methods: In the validation study, pigs were imaged using [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG) and the image-derived data were compared with corresponding ex vivo measurements in tissue samples and with arterial-venous differences in glucose and [(18)F]FDG levels. In the clinical study, GU was measured in different regions of the intestine in lean (n = 8) and morbidly obese (n = 8) humans at baseline and during euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia.
Results: PET- and ex vivo-derived intestinal values were strongly correlated and most of the fluorine-18-derived radioactivity was accumulated in the mucosal layer of the gut wall. In the gut wall of pigs, insulin promoted GU as determined by PET, the arterial-venous balance or autoradiography. In lean human participants, insulin increased GU from the circulation in the duodenum (from 1.3 ± 0.6 to 3.1 ± 1.1 μmol [100 g](-1) min(-1), p < 0.05) and in the jejunum (from 1.1 ± 0.7 to 3.0 ± 1.5 μmol [100 g](-1) min(-1), p < 0.05). Obese participants failed to show any increase in insulin-stimulated GU compared with fasting values (NS).
Conclusions/interpretation: Intestinal GU can be quantified in vivo by [(18)F]FDG PET. Intestinal insulin resistance occurs in obesity before the deterioration of systemic glucose tolerance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2825-5 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Introduction: Plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers have improved Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, but data from diverse Asian populations are limited. This study evaluated plasma p-tau217 and p-tau181 levels in Korean and Taiwanese populations.
Methods: All participants (n = 270) underwent amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and blood tests.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) with the fusion gene has a poor prognosis, and the mortality rate exceeds 90%, particularly in cases of extramedullary relapse (EMR). Herein, we present a case of a 46-year-old male patient who developed relapsed B-ALL with . The patient initially achieved a complete remission (CR) after induction therapy and underwent haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 12808, Czech Republic.
Background: Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (wbMRI) allows general assessment of systemic cancers including lymphomas without radiation burden.
Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of wbMRI in the staging of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), determine the value of individual MRI sequences, and assess patients' concerns with wbMRI.
Methods: In this single-center prospective study, adult patients newly diagnosed with systemic DLBCL underwent wbMRI on a 3T scanner [diffusion weighted images with background suppression (DWIBS), T2, short tau inversion recovery (STIR), contrast-enhanced T1] and fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) (reference standard).
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley, Address: No.37, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Background: This study aimed to construct a radiomics-based imaging biomarker for the non-invasive identification of transformed follicular lymphoma (t-FL) using PET/CT images.
Methods: A total of 784 follicular lymphoma (FL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and t-FL patients from 5 independent medical centers were included. The unsupervised EMFusion method was applied to fuse PET and CT images.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Departament de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, University of Barcelona, Marti i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
We present a nonlinear model of thermal field emission in resonant tunneling nanostructures with multiple barriers and potential wells, based on an accurate determination of the quantum potential shape and a rigorous solution of the Schrödinger equation, while considering thermal balance. The model applies to vacuum and semiconductor resonant tunnel diode and triode structures with two and three electrodes and to the general case of two-way tunneling with electrode heating. The complete balance of heat release and transfer is accounted for, with heat transport considered ballistic.
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