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Bile acid synthesis impedes tumor-specific T cell responses during liver cancer.
Science
January 2025
NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
The metabolic landscape of cancer greatly influences antitumor immunity, yet it remains unclear how organ-specific metabolites in the tumor microenvironment influence immunosurveillance. We found that accumulation of primary conjugated and secondary bile acids (BAs) are metabolic features of human hepatocellular carcinoma and experimental liver cancer models. Inhibiting conjugated BA synthesis in hepatocytes through deletion of the BA-conjugating enzyme bile acid-CoA:amino acid -acyltransferase (BAAT) enhanced tumor-specific T cell responses, reduced tumor growth, and sensitized tumors to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Results of clinical and immunomorphological analysis in chronic post-traumatic uveitis].
Vestn Oftalmol
December 2024
AO Meditsina (Academician Roytberg's Clinic), Moscow, Russia.
Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the group at highest risk for autoimmune inflammation through a comparative analysis among patients with chronic post-traumatic uveitis (CPTU).
Material And Methods: The clinical group included 50 patients (aged 18 to 87 years, mean age 41±2.6 years) with CPTU resulting from penetrating injury, contusion, or intraocular surgery.
An integrated "Engage & Evasion" approach for mononuclear phagocyte system escape and efficient extracellular vesicle therapy.
J Nanobiotechnology
December 2024
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Ischemic diseases are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality, posing a substantial threat to human health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in enhancing neovascularization in ischemic tissues, thereby facilitating tissue repair and regeneration. However, the utilization of EVs is hindered by their rapid uptake and clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which markedly impedes their therapeutic efficacy and organ-specific accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe physiological landscape and specificity of antibody repertoires are consolidated by multiple immunizations.
Elife
December 2024
Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Basel, Switzerland.
Diverse antibody repertoires spanning multiple lymphoid organs (i.e., bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes) form the foundation of protective humoral immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracellular vesicles-based vaccines: Emerging immunotherapies against cancer.
J Control Release
December 2024
Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Department of Pathology, Shanghai, China; Department of Pathology, and Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
Cancer vaccines are promising therapeutic approaches to enhance specific T-cell immunity against most solid tumors. By stimulating anti-tumor immunity, clearing minimal residual disease, and minimizing adverse effects, these vaccines target tumor cells and are effective when combined with immune checkpoint blockade or other immunotherapies. However, the development of tumor cell-based vaccines faces quality issues due to poor immunogenicity, tumor heterogeneity, a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment, and ineffective delivery methods.
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