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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1221308110 | DOI Listing |
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Increasing microplastic concentrations have nonlinear impacts on the physiology of reef-building corals.
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Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA.
The pollution of marine environments with plastics, particularly microplastic (MP, i.e., plastic particles <5 mm), is a major threat to marine biota, including corals.
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Research Unit on the Biology of Precious Corals CSM-CHANEL, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
Objectives: Corallium rubrum, the precious red coral, is an octocoral endemic to the western Mediterranean Sea. Like most octocorals, it produces tiny, calcified structures called sclerites. Uniquely, it also produces a completely calcified axial skeleton that is a bright red color.
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School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
Nitrogen's impact on corals has been widely studied, but the role of phosphate is often overlooked due to its low concentrations in seawater. Previous studies have suggested that phosphate can penetrate intercellular spaces to reach the extracellular calcifying medium (ECM), where it adsorbs onto skeletal surfaces and disrupts calcium carbonate crystallization, thereby inhibiting skeletal growth. Based on this mechanism, we hypothesized that skeletal growth inhibition depends not only on phosphate concentration but also on total phosphate load (flow volume × concentration).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of Polyamines in pH Regulation in the Extracellular Calcifying Medium of Scleractinian Coral Spats.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Kitasato University School of Marine Biosciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
This study aims to elucidate a novel mechanism for elevating the pH within the calicoblastic extracellular calcifying medium (pH) of corals and demonstrate the potential contribution of calcifying organisms to CO sequestration. Departing from traditional models that attribute the increase in pH primarily to H expulsion via Ca-ATPase, we emphasize the significant role of polyamines. These ubiquitous biogenic amines conveyed by calicoblastic cells through polyamine transporters demonstrate a remarkable affinity for CO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtreme Environmental Variability Induces Frontloading of Coral Biomineralisation Genes to Maintain Calcification Under pCO Variability.
Mol Ecol
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Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Corals residing in habitats that experience high-frequency seawater pCO variability may possess an enhanced capacity to cope with ocean acidification, yet we lack a clear understanding of the molecular toolkit enabling acclimatisation to environmental extremes or how life-long exposure to pCO variability influences biomineralisation. Here, we examined the gene expression responses and micro-skeletal characteristics of Pocillopora damicornis originating from the reef flat and reef slope of Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef. The reef flat and reef slope had similar mean seawater pCO, but the reef flat experienced twice the mean daily pCO amplitude (range of 797 v.
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