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Emerging Roles of TRIM56 in Antiviral Innate Immunity.
Viruses
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
The tripartite-motif protein 56 (TRIM56) is a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase whose functions were recently beginning to be unveiled. While the physiological role(s) of TRIM56 remains unclear, emerging evidence suggests this protein participates in host innate defense mechanisms that guard against viral infections. Interestingly, TRIM56 has been shown to pose a barrier to viruses of distinct families by utilizing its different domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIL-6-Inducing Peptide Prediction Based on 3D Structure and Graph Neural Network.
Biomolecules
January 2025
School of Artificial Intelligence, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a potent glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in regulating innate and adaptive immunity, as well as metabolism. The expression and release of IL-6 are closely correlated with the severity of various diseases. IL-6-inducing peptides are critical for the development of immunotherapy and diagnostic biomarkers for some diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe TLR7/9 adaptors TASL and TASL2 mediate IRF5-dependent antiviral responses and autoimmunity in mouse.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
Endosomal nucleic acid sensing by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is central to antimicrobial immunity and several autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The innate immune adaptor TASL mediates, via the interaction with SLC15A4, the activation of IRF5 downstream of human TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9, but the pathophysiological functions of this axis remain unexplored. Here we show that SLC15A4 deficiency results in a selective block of TLR7/9-induced IRF5 activation, while loss of TASL leads to a strong but incomplete impairment, which depends on the cell type and TLR engaged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-option of mitochondrial nucleic acid-sensing pathways by HSV-1 UL12.5 for reactivation from latent infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
Although viruses subvert innate immune pathways for their replication, there is evidence they can also co-opt antiviral responses for their benefit. The ubiquitous human pathogen, Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), encodes a protein (UL12.5) that induces the release of mitochondrial nucleic acid into the cytosol, which activates immune-sensing pathways and reduces productive replication in nonneuronal cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Main Families and Roles: A Review of the Literature.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
December 2024
Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are constituent molecules of the innate defense system and are naturally produced by all organisms. AMPs are characterized by a relatively low molecular weight (less than 10 kDa) and a variable number of cysteine residues that form disulfide bonds and contribute to the stabilization of the tertiary structure. In addition, there is a wide repertoire of antimicrobial agents against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa that can provide a large number of prototype peptides for study and biochemical manipulation.
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