Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with hematological malignancies: HRCT patterns of pulmonary involvement and disease course.

Objective: To analyze high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns of lung involvement and disease course in patients with hematological malignancies experiencing diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) after chemotherapy ± allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT).

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients experiencing DAH after chemotherapy ± allo-SCT were enrolled. A total of 74 computed tomography (CT) scans obtained before, during, and after onset of DAH were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: CT features of DAH are each, by oneself, nonspecific. However, conjoint bilateral, diffuse, and dependent ground glass opacity ± crazy paving, accompanied by airspace bronchograms, should suggest this complication. The HRCT course comprises a wide range of trends that are not predictive for patient's outcome, but progression of parenchymal consolidations at follow up was more often detrimental.