We report on and emphasize the versatility of conductive atomic force microscopy in characterizing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) aimed to be used in via interconnect technology. The study is conducted on multi-walled CNT arrays vertically grown on a copper-based metal line. Voltage-dependent current mapping and current-voltage characteristics recorded down to single CNT allow for a comprehensive insight into the electric behaviour of the hybrid structure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-8-24 | DOI Listing |
Polymers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
Novel ferrite/polyurethane nanocomposites were synthesized using the in situ polymerization method after the addition of different spinel nanoferrite particles (copper, zinc, and copper-zinc) and examined as potential coatings for medical devices and implants in vascular tissue engineering. The influence of the nanoferrite type on the structure and functional characteristics of the polyurethane composites was investigated by FTIR, SWAXS, AFM, TGA, DSC, nanoindentation, swelling behavior, water contact angle, and water absorption measurements. Biocompatibility was evaluated by examining the cytotoxicity and adhesion of human endothelial cells and fibroblasts onto prepared composites and performing a protein adsorption test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2025
College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
The global asphalt production growth rate exceeded 10% in the past decade, and over 90% of the world's road surfaces are generated from asphalt materials. Therefore, the issue of asphalt aging has been widely researched. In this study, the aging of asphalt thin films under various natural conditions was studied to prevent the distortion of indoor simulated aging and to prevent the extraction of asphalt samples from road surfaces from impacting the aged asphalt.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine (RISBM), Nauchnyi proezd 18, 117246 Moscow, Russia.
SARS-CoV-2 viral entry requires membrane fusion, which is facilitated by the fusion peptides within its spike protein. These predominantly hydrophobic peptides insert into target membranes; however, their precise mechanistic role in membrane fusion remains incompletely understood. Here, we investigate how FP1 (SFIEDLLFNKVTLADAGFIK), the N-terminal fusion peptide, modulates membrane stability and barrier function across various model membrane systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
The discovery of superconductivity in twisted bilayer and trilayer graphene has generated tremendous interest. The key feature of these systems is an interplay between interlayer coupling and a moiré superlattice that gives rise to low-energy flat bands with strong correlations. Flat bands can also be induced by moiré patterns in lattice-mismatched and/or twisted heterostructures of other two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
The deposition of alkali metals on oxide surfaces has garnered significant interest due to their critical role in enhancing various catalytic processes. However, the atomic-scale characterization of these structures remains elusive, owing to the complex and competing interactions among the oxygen, the alkali metals, and the metal atoms within the oxides. In this work, we grew alkali metals (Na, K, Cs) on the copper oxide films on the Cu(111) surface and found the formation of hexagonally ordered monolayer films.
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