The number of off-highway vehicle (OHV) parks continues to grow to meet the recreational needs of ATV enthusiasts and the increasing popularity of the vehicle. Little is known about how OHV park regulations and enforcement affect ATV safety among their users. This study was designed to determine whether there were differences in crash mechanisms and/or compliance with ATV safety laws and regulations when comparing off-road ATV crashes inside and outside state OHV parks. Relative to outside the parks, a smaller percentage of park victims were under the age of sixteen, a lower percentage were passengers, and a dramatically higher percentage were helmeted. Mean injury severity scores were not different inside and outside the parks, but 5% of outside victims had severe brain injuries, as compared to no park victims. Overall, park victims exhibited better compliance with ATV safety laws and regulations and suffered less severe brain injury outcomes. However, park crashes involved more jump-related injuries, suggesting that additional approaches are needed to improve park safety. These findings support the hypothesis that riding environments with safety regulations and effective enforcement can promote safe behaviors and may prevent injuries.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.12.015 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Pediatric orthopedic all-terrain vehicle injury patterns, surgeries, and complications: appreciating the true morbidity and impact.
J Pediatr Orthop B
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
All-terrain vehicle (ATV) accidents frequently cause orthopedic injuries. Previous studies have reported the frequency of fractures in ATV injuries. No studies have provided detailed assessments of fracture patterns, types of operative intervention, or risks for multiple surgeries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of drug-drug interactions between ritonavir-boosted atazanavir and rifampicin in pregnancy.
CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV/r) and rifampicin are mainstays of second-line antiretroviral and multiple anti-TB regimens, respectively. Rifampicin induces CYP3A4, a major enzyme involved in atazanavir metabolism, causing a drug-drug interaction (DDI) which might be exaggerated in pregnancy. Having demonstrated that increasing the dose of ATV/r from once daily (OD) to twice daily (BD) in non-pregnant adults can safely overcome this DDI, we developed a pregnancy physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to explore the impact of pregnancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRural adolescent attitudes and use of helmets while riding ATVs, motorcycles and dirt bikes.
Inj Epidemiol
September 2024
Injury Prevention and Community Outreach Program, University of Iowa Health Care Stead Family Children's Hospital, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined rural adolescents' attitudes towards helmet use while riding ATVs, motorcycles, and dirt bikes, highlighting the significant impact of helmet use on preventing head injuries.
- A total of 1331 participants from Iowa were surveyed, revealing that while many owned ATVs, helmet usage was notably lower for ATV riders compared to dirt bike and motorcycle riders.
- The research found lower helmet use among farm residents and vehicle owners, with a significant portion of participants expressing stronger support for helmet laws correlated with lower ownership and riding frequency.
The association between county ordinances allowing off-road vehicles on public roads and crash rates.
Inj Epidemiol
July 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Background: Legislative bodies across the country have increasingly allowed off-road vehicles (ORVs) including all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and utility task vehicles (UTVs) on public roads, an environment for which they are not designed. In 2004, Iowa gave individual counties the discretion to pass ordinances allowing ORVs on public roadways. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the passage of ORV ordinances and ORV crash rates, especially on public roads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA randomized, open-label two-period crossover pilot study to evaluate the relative bioavailability in the fed state of atovaquone-proguanil (Atoguanil™) versus atovaquone-proguanil hydrochloride (Malarone®) in healthy adult participants.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
December 2024
Medicines for Malaria Venture, ICC - Block G, 3rd floor, 20, Route de Pré-Bois, PO Box 1826, 1215, Geneva, Switzerland.
Atoguanil™ is a novel complex of atovaquone (ATV) and proguanil (PG) with enhanced ATV bioavailability compared to Malarone®. This pilot study assessed whether the relative bioavailability (F) of ATV, PG, and the primary PG metabolite cycloguanil (CG) following a single oral dose in the fed state of Atoguanil was similar to Malarone despite a 50% lower ATV dose. This open-label, single-dose, randomized 2-period, 2-treatment, balanced crossover study was conducted between 17th November 2021 and 18th March 2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!