A semi-infinite space Green's function of the time-dependent radiative transfer equation is derived based upon an exact solution for anisotropic scattering in infinite space and the approximated extrapolated boundary condition. The obtained solution is compared to Monte Carlo simulations and used for retrieving the optical parameters of simulated data in a nonlinear fit. It is shown that the solution performs well for boundaries with mismatched refractive indices. The relative errors in the fitted optical parameters are considerably smaller than by using the diffusion theory.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.18.1.015001 | DOI Listing |
Micromachines (Basel)
December 2024
High-Power Converter Systems (HLU), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany.
Gate dielectrics are essential components in nanoscale field-effect transistors (FETs), but they often face significant instabilities when exposed to harsh environments, such as radioactive conditions, leading to unreliable device performance. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of ultrascaled transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) FETs equipped with vacuum gate dielectric (VGD) as a means to circumvent oxide-related instabilities. The nanodevice is computationally assessed using a quantum simulation approach based on the self-consistent solutions of the Poisson equation and the quantum transport equation under the ballistic transport regime.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics and Adult Foot and Ankle Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital Speising, 1130 Vienna, Austria.
Sprengel's Deformity (SD) is a rare condition of the shoulder girdle, appearing as the principal congenital anomaly of the shoulder in paediatric patients. The aim of this study is to document the combined experience of two paediatric orthopaedic departments in managing SD using the modified Green Procedure, with a specific emphasis on the clinical and functional outcomes reported by patients; Methods: from June 2010 to February 2023, 42 shoulders in 40 paediatric patients were surgically treated for SD at two paediatric orthopaedic departments. All patients were treated using the modified Green Procedure with or without clavicle osteotomy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Marseille, France.
The thermoelectric properties of hybrid systems based on a single-level quantum dot coupled to a normal-metal/half-metallic lead and attached to a topological superconductor wire are investigated. The topological superconductor wire is modeled by a spinless p-wave superconductor which hosts both a Majorana bound state at its extremity and above gap quasiparticle excitations. The main interest of our investigation is to study the interplay of sub-gap and single-particle tunneling processes and their contributions to the thermoelectric response of the considered system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
January 2025
Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
Superdiffusion is usually defined as a random walk process of a molecule, in which the time evolution of the mean-squared displacement, σ2, of the molecule is a power function of time, σ2(t)∼t2/γ, with γ∈(1,2). An equation with a Riesz-type fractional derivative of the order γ with respect to a spatial variable (a fractional superdiffusion equation) is often used to describe superdiffusion. However, this equation leads to the formula σ2(t)=κt2/γ with κ=∞, which, in practice, makes it impossible to define the parameter γ.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Voice
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI. Electronic address:
Introduction: Straw phonation therapy, a form of semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercise, is commonly used to help treat various voice disorders. Although straw phonation therapy has been studied extensively for decades, the impact of straw depth on vocal function remains unexplored. This study aims to quantify the effects of various straw vocal tract insertion depths (VTID) into the vocal tract on common aerodynamic parameters such as phonation threshold pressure (PTP), phonation threshold flow (PTF), and phonation threshold power (PTW) in an ex vivo canine model.
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