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Association of remimazolam with delirium and cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
Eur J Anaesthesiol
December 2024
From the Universidade Federal da Bahia, Hospital Ana Nery, Salvador, Brazil (JAA), Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Passo Fundo (GRMW), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (BFMW), Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil (LSS), São Paulo (FJLB) and Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (RGMF).
Background And Study Objective: Delirium is an organic mental syndrome significantly associated with long-term cognitive decline, increased hospital stays and higher mortality. This systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with meta-analysis assesses the association of remimazolam with postoperative cognitive function and delirium compared with non-benzodiazepine hypnotics.
Design: Systematic review of RCTs with meta-analysis.
Chloral hydrate is a hypnotic, sedative and anxiolytic (non-benzodiazepine) drug that is commonly administered to children prior to procedures such as dental sedation. It is also indicated for nocturnal sedation in all types of patients and especially for the ill, the young, and the elderly patients. A review of the therapeutic uses of chloral hydrate reveals the need for flexibility in dosing, especially in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZolpidem-related euphoria, addiction and detoxification: A case report and review of the literature.
Medicine (Baltimore)
November 2024
Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Rationale: Zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic, is considered safer for the treatment of insomnia compared to benzodiazepines. However, in recent years, there have been growing reports of Zolpidem dependence, addiction, and withdrawal symptoms. We reported a case of Zolpidem addiction and successful detoxification, reviewed similar cases in the literature, and proposed a potential mechanism underlying Zolpidem addiction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeaths involving novel benzodiazepines in Victoria, Australia from 2018 to 2022.
J Anal Toxicol
November 2024
Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, 65 Kavanagh Street, Southbank, Melbourne 3006, Australia.
Novel benzodiazepine (NBz) detections in Victorian coronial cases started early in 2018 and have continued to increase in number and type up to December 2022. The 11 different NBz detections included etizolam (n = 82), flualprazolam (n = 43), clonazolam or 8-aminoclonazolam (n = 30), bromazolam (n = 15), clobromazolam (n = 13), phenazepam (n = 13), flubromazolam (n = 12), flubromazepam (n = 8), desalkylflurazepam (n = 6), diclazepam (n = 2), and estazolam (n = 1). The pattern of detections varied over the 5-year period, with different compounds appearing over different time frames.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLifetime Psychotropic Medication Use Among Service Members and Veterans With and Without History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study.
Mil Med
August 2024
VA Health Services Research & Development Service Center of Innovation, Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, VA Portland Health Care System (R&D 66), Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Introduction: Military Service Members, Veterans, and other patient populations who experience traumatic brain injury (TBI) may have increased risk of early neurodegenerative diseases relative to those without TBI history. Some evidence suggests that exposure to psychotropic medications may play a role in this association. The Long-term Impact of Military-relevant Brain Injury Consortium-Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium (LIMBIC-CENC) prospective longitudinal study provides an ideal setting to examine the effects of psychotropic medication exposure on long-term neurological health of those with and without mild TBI history.
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