Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of highly heterogeneous clonal disorders of myeloid hematopoietic stem cells, frequently characterized by bone marrow dysplasia and increased risks of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. In recent years, several advances have been acquired in the treatment of MDS. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is still the only way to make MDS to be long-term remission and even cure. And as for the use of drug, besides lenalidomide, decitabine and azacitidine approved by FDA, other medicines such as RAP-536, HDAC inhibitor, infliximab and combination therapy have also been used. This article focuses attention on the recent advances of the MDS treatment in hope of better understanding the present therapeutic status for MDS.
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