AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Ghrelin and obestatin are two gut-derived peptides originating from the same ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide gene (GHRL). While ghrelin stimulates growth hormone (GH) secretion and food intake and inhibits γ-aminobutyric-acid synaptic transmission onto GHRH (Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone) neurons, obestatin blocks these effects. In Humans, GHRL gene polymorphisms have been associated with pathologies linked to an unbalanced energy homeostasis. We hypothesized that one polymorphism located in the obestatin sequence (Q to L substitution in position 90 of the ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide, rs4684677) may impact on the function of obestatin. In the present study, we tested the activity of native and Q90L obestatin to modulate ghrelin-induced food intake, GH secretion, cFos activity in GHRH and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons and γ-aminobutyric-acid activity onto GHRH neurons.
Methodology/principal Findings: Food intake, GH secretion and electrophysiological recordings were assessed in C57BL/6 mice. cFos activity was measured in NPY-Renilla-GFP and GHRH-eGFP mice. Mice received saline, ghrelin or ghrelin combined to native or Q90L obestatin (30 nmol each) in the early light phase. Ghrelin stimulation of food intake and GH secretion varied considerably among individual mice with 59-77% eliciting a robust response. In these high-responders, ghrelin-induced food intake and GH secretion were reduced equally by native and Q90L obestatin. In contrast to in vivo observations, Q90L was slightly more efficient than native obestatin in inhibiting ghrelin-induced cFos activation within the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and the nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. After ghrelin injection, 26% of NPY neurons in the arcuate nucleus expressed cFos protein and this number was significantly reduced by co-administration of Q90L obestatin. Q90L was also more potent that native obestatin in reducing ghrelin-induced inhibition of γ-aminobutyric-acid synaptic transmission onto GHRH neurons.
Conclusions/significance: These data support the hypothesis that Q90L obestatin partially blocks ghrelin-induced food intake and GH secretion by acting through NPY and GHRH neurons.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3519497 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0051135 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Sorting it Out: Adolescent Refugee's Perceptions of Food Upon Arrival to the US.
Public Health Nutr
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Emory University.
Objective: To explore the meanings that newly-arrived refugee adolescents residing in the Southeast U.S. attribute to foods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing Food Composition Tables to Estimate Decreases in Sodium Intake Due to the Reformulation of Packaged and Ultra-Processed Foods in a Young Population in South Africa.
Public Health Nutr
December 2024
South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa.
Objective: In response to increasing hypertension rates, South Africa implemented a regulation which set a maximum total sodium content for certain packaged food categories. We assess changes in reported sodium intake among 18-39 year old adults living in one township in the Western Cape as a result of the implementation of the regulation in 2016.
Design: By linking one set of 24 hour dietary recall data to two versions of the South Africa Food Composition Database which reflect the pre-regulation and post-regulation periods, we calculated changes in sodium intake due to reformulation of food products, not behavior change.
Risk prediction of excessive gestational weight gain based on a nomogram model: a prospective observational study in China.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med
December 2025
Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: Excessive Gestational Weight Gain is a global public health problem with serious and long-term effects on maternal and offspring health. Early identification of at-risk groups and interventions is crucial for controlling weight gain and reducing the prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain. Currently, tools for predicting the risk of excessive gestational weight gain are lacking in China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Transition of Food Consumption Patterns and Carbon Footprint of Urban and Rural Residents in China].
Huan Jing Ke Xue
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
The food system is an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, and the carbon footprint analysis of food consumption under the dual carbon background is of great significance for the sustainable development of the food system. To reveal the differences in food consumption patterns and carbon footprints between urban and rural residents in China, the life cycle carbon emission coefficient method was used to measure the direct carbon emissions of food consumption by urban and rural residents in China from 2000 to 2021. From the perspective of carbon footprint composition, the following main conclusions were drawn： ① The structure of food consumption among residents in China shifted from predominantly plant-based to a balanced consumption of both plant- and animal-based foods, reducing the disparity in various food consumption quantities between urban and rural residents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExamining Longitudinal Relations Between Eating Disorder Symptoms and Negative Emotion Variability in Military Members.
J Clin Psychol
December 2024
Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA.
Up to a third of service members and Veterans experience disordered eating. Disordered eating can be maintained through negative reinforcement of painful and unpleasant emotions such as guilt, shame, sadness, and hostility. Hostility is a negative emotion that may be particularly relevant for service members and Veterans, yet hostility's relation to disordered eating remains understudied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!