The objective of this study was to evaluate the gestational results obtained with vitrified-thawed human cleavage-stage embryo by two different thaw protocols. Embryo development was observed to cleavage-stage and embryos were cryopreserved by vitrification on day 3 after oocyte retrieval. 51 cycles were thawed using vitrification warming kit with decreasing concentrations of sucrose in 3 dilutions ( 1.0, 0.5 and 0 mol per L respectively) as group 1, 56 cycles were thawed with decreasing concentrations of sucrose in 5 dilutions ( 0.8, 0.6, 0.33, 0.2 and 0 mol per L respectively) as group 2. Embryo survival (> 50 percent intact blastomeres), complete embryo survival (100 percent intact blastomeres), pregnancy and implantation rates were compared, and development rates the day after thawing were also compared. Multivariate analysis showed a significant difference in embryo immediate morphological survival rate, complete survival and clinical pregnancies rate between the two groups respectively (87.0 vs. 98.6 percent, p=0.000; 71.0 vs 82.0 percent embryo subsequent development rates, mean number of transferred embryos was similar between the two groups. (61.4 vs. 61.3 percent, p=0.502; 2.2 +/ 0.5 vs. 2.4 +/- 0.6, p=0.113). In addition, no differences in implantation rate were observed between two groups (17.7 vs. 25.6 percent, P=0.138). No difference in the multiple pregnancy rates was found among the two groups also.
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Study Question: Does one-step warming (OW), a simplified embryo warming protocol, adversely affect survival and developmental potential in vitrified cleavage or blastocyst stage embryos compared to standard multi-step warming (SW)?
Summary Answer: OW showed no detrimental effects on survival and developmental potential compared to SW in cleavage and blastocyst stage embryos.
What Is Known Already: While standard embryo warming protocols involve a multi-step procedure using a stepwise osmotic solution to avoid a rapid influx of water into the embryo, recent studies suggest that eliminating the stepwise warming process does not reduce embryo survival and embryo transfer outcomes. However, previous reports have focused primarily on pregnancy rates, and a more detailed analysis of the effects of rapid osmotic pressure changes on embryos is necessary to standardize the protocol.
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