Background: Exclusive breast-feeding reduces the risk of respiratory illness in infants younger than 6 months of age in developing countries by approximately half. We evaluated the effect of exclusive breast-feeding on respiratory illness with fever (RIF) in Bangladeshi infants in the context of a randomized maternal influenza immunization trial.
Methods: Infants in a maternal vaccine trial in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were prospectively assessed at weekly intervals for 6 months after birth for breast-feeding practices and RIF. We estimated the risk of an RIF episode for infants who were exclusively breast-fed the prior week compared with infants not exclusively breast-fed the prior week using generalized estimating equations.
Results: We followed a total of 331 infants from birth to 24 weeks of age. The median weeks infants were exclusively breast-fed was 15 (interquartile range, 6-21). The adjusted independent odds of respiratory illness for exclusively breast-fed infants compared with nonexclusively breast-fed infants was 0.59 (95% confidence interval: 0.45-0.77) for an RIF episode. After adjusting for exclusive breast-feeding, we confirmed the previous report that maternal immunization with influenza vaccine had an independent protective effect against RIF (odds ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval: 0.55-0.93). No significant difference in the protective effect of exclusive breast-feeding was seen by maternal influenza immunization status.
Conclusions: Exclusive breast-feeding during the first 6 months of life and maternal immunization with influenza vaccine independently and substantially reduced respiratory illness with fever in infants.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e318281e34f | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Maternal and Infant Characteristics and Pumping Profiles of Women That Predominantly Pump Milk for Their Infants.
Nutrients
January 2025
School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Background: Whilst it is inconvenient and time-intensive, predominantly (PP) and exclusively pumping (EP) mothers rely on breast expression to provide milk for their infants and to ensure continued milk supply, yet these populations are poorly understood.
Methods: We assessed and characterised Western Australian PP mothers ( = 93) regarding 24 h milk production (MP) and infant milk intake and demographics, perinatal complications and breastfeeding difficulties, the frequencies of which were compared with published general population frequencies. Pumping efficacy and milk flow parameters during a pumping session in PP mothers ( = 32) were compared with those that pump occasionally (reference group, = 60).
A Pilot Study Exploring the Relationship Between Milk Composition and Microbial Capacity in Breastfed Infants.
Nutrients
January 2025
Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA.
Background: Maternal obesity may contribute to childhood obesity in a myriad of ways, including through alterations of the infant gut microbiome. For example, maternal obesity may contribute both directly by introducing a dysbiotic microbiome to the infant and indirectly through the altered composition of human milk that fuels the infant gut microbiome. In particular, indigestible human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are known to shape the composition of the infant gut microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExamining Sociocultural Influences on Breastfeeding Attitudes Among Syrian and Hungarian Female Students.
Nutrients
January 2025
Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
Background: Breastfeeding in Syria is a common practice supported by social norms, family traditions, and cultural values. In Hungary, recent statistics show that exclusive breastfeeding is significantly lower than the recommendation of the World Health Organization. Understanding the perspectives of educated young ladies is crucial for discovering the difficulties of breastfeeding practices within Syrian-Hungarian societies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFeeding Expressed Breast Milk Alters the Microbial Network of Breast Milk and Increases Breast Milk Microbiome Diversity over Time.
Microorganisms
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Breastfeeding supplies nutrition, immunity, and hormonal cues to infants. Feeding expressed breast milk may result in de-phased milk production and feeding times, which distort the real-time circadian cues carried by breast milk. We hypothesized that providing expressed breast milk alters the microbiotas of both breast milk and the infant's gut.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic exposure is associated with minimal gut microbiome perturbations in healthy term infants.
Microbiome
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.
Background: The evolving infant gut microbiome influences host immune development and later health outcomes. Early antibiotic exposure could impact microbiome development and contribute to poor outcomes. Here, we use a prospective longitudinal birth cohort of n = 323 healthy term African American children to determine the association between antibiotic exposure and the gut microbiome through shotgun metagenomics sequencing as well as bile acid profiles through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!