In the visible light range, the reflected light of ice contains a portion of polarized light, especially smooth ice often can make the detector obtain the reflection information that contains more polarization information. The fresh water ice and sea ice reflection information was measured, and combined with the angle information and spectral information, the difference in the polarized reflectance characteristics between them was analyzed. It was found that with the polarization degree as index, the difference in the relative reflectance between sea ice and water ice is larger, and at the same time ice shows its unique polarization characteristics. So that the polarization measurements can assist the existing remote sensing technology for better detection of the ice covering the earth's surface.
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Int J Pharm
January 2025
Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Numerous commercially available biopharmaceuticals are frozen or freeze-dried in vials. The temperature at which ice nucleates and its distribution across vials in a batch is critical to the design of freezing and freeze-drying processes. Here we study experimentally how the level of particulate impurities - a key parameter in pharmaceutical manufacturing - affects the ice nucleation behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
January 2025
Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Objectives: Pica is a non-nutritive eating behavior. The potential impact of pica on oral health and the association between pica and anemia are understudied. We examined the current evidence on the relationship between pica practices, anemia, and oral health outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Monit Assess
January 2025
College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China.
Exploring the response relationship between civil war, population and land cover change is of great practical significance for social stability in Myanmar. However, the ongoing civil war in Myanmar hinders direct understanding of the situation on the ground, which in turn limits detailed study of the intricate relationship between the dynamics of the civil war and its impact on population and land. Therefore, this paper explores the response relationship between civil war conflict and population and land cover change in Myanmar from 2010 to 2020 from the perspective of remote sensing using the land cover data we produced, the open spatial demographics data, and the armed conflict location and event data project.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Chem Lab Med
January 2025
Department of Blood Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK.
Objectives: Prompt recognition of hyperammonaemia can avoid severe consequences of delayed treatment. Strict sample transport requirements present barriers to requesting and, if not achieved, rejection by the laboratory. Evidence is sparse on ammonia stability from studies using modern techniques or based in clinical settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Health Care Inform
January 2025
Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background: In Australia, with the recent introduction of electronic health records (EHRs) into hospitals, the use of hospital-based EHRs for research is a relatively new concept. The aim of this study was to explore the attitudes of older healthcare consumers on sharing their health data with an emerging EHR-based Research Data Platform within the National Centre for Healthy Ageing.
Methods: This was a qualitative study.
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