The hydrophobicity of biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa in 228 dyspeptic subjects undergoing diagnostic endoscopy was assessed by measuring the plateau-advancing contact angle of saline drops using a goniometer. Subjects with duodenal ulcers (n = 49) and gastric ulcers (n = 17) had significantly lower mean contact angles than controls (n = 124) without ulcer (57 degrees in duodenal ulcer, 59 degrees in gastric ulcer vs. 66 degrees in controls; p less than 0.0001). There was no change in contact angle after healing with H2-receptor antagonists by comparison with pretreatment (59 degrees vs. 56 degrees for duodenal ulcer, n = 15; 57 degrees vs. 59 degrees for gastric ulcer, n = 5). Controls with gastritis had lower contact angles than those without (61 degrees, n = 50, vs. 70 degrees, n = 63; p less than 0.0001). The presence of Campylobacter pylori was associated with a significant decrease in contact angle in controls (59 degrees, n = 39, vs. 70 degrees, n = 75; p less than 0.0001).
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